Canadian Militia badges, Ontario, York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection

York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Canadian Militia Badges, Ontario

(Library and Archives Canada Image, MIKAN No. 2837873)

Uniforms of the Canadian Militia, 1898. Arthur H. Hider (1870-1952).

The Canadian Militia is a historical title for military units raised for the defence of Canada. The term has been used to describe sedentary militia units raised from local communities in Canada; as well as the regular army for the Province of Canada and post-confederated Canada, referred to as the active militias.

The earliest militia units in Canada dates back to 16th century in New France. In the French colony, a compulsory militia of settlers from every parish was raised in order to support the military of New France in the defence and expansion of the colony. Sedentary militia units were also raised by the British, to defend its colonies and to support British military operations on the continent. The sedentary militia eventually fell into disuse in the late-19th century, although vestiges of the sedentary militia system continued into the early-20th century.

The Canadian Militia also referred to the regular army established by the Province of Canada under the Militia Act of 1855. The two organizations that originated from the act, the Permanent Active Militia (PAM), and the Non-Permanent Active Militia (NPAM), continued to serve as Canada's regular army following Canadian Confederation in 1867. In November 1940, both PAM and NPAM were reorganized as the Canadian Army, with PAM becoming the Army's Regular Force, and NPAM becoming the Army Reserve. The Army Reserve continues to be informally referred to as the militia in Canada. (Wikipedia)

During the First World War, the militia was not mobilized, with Canadians serving overseas enlisting with the Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF), a separate military field force managed by the Ministry of Overseas Military Forces. Cavalry Regiments are listed on a separate page on this website.

‍Militia

Ontario

The Queens Own Rifles of Canada (Militia)

26 April 1860 – Second Battalion Volunteer Militia Rifles of Canada. 18 March 1863 – Second Battalion Volunteer Militia Rifles of Canada or Queen's Own Rifles of Toronto.  13 January 1882 – 2nd Battalion, Queen's Own Rifles of Canada. 8 May 1900 – 2nd Regiment Queen's Own Rifles of Canada. 1 May 1920 – The Queen's Own Rifles of Canada.  7 November 1941 – 2nd (Reserve) Battalion, The Queen's Own Rifles of Canada. 14 May 1946 – The Queen's Own Rifles of Canada. On 16 October 1953, it was amalgamated with the Regular Army 1st Canadian Rifle Battalion and 2nd Canadian Rifle Battalion. The 1st Canadian Rifle Battalion and 2nd Canadian Rifle Battalion became the 1st and 2nd Battalions, respectively, of The Queen's Own Rifles of Canada, while the Reserve component was designated as the 3rd Battalion. On 15 September 1968, the 2nd Battalion was reduced to nil strength and transferred to the Supplementary Order of Battle. On 27 April 1970, the 1st Battalion was reduced to nil strength and transferred to the Supplementary Order of Battle, with most of the unit's personnel and equipment transferred to the newly formed 3rd Battalion, Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry (PPCLI), and the Reserve Force battalion automatically became the new home station of the Regiment. (QOR)

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Irish Regiment of Canada

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9th Grey’s Horse

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The Kenora Light Infantry

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96th District of Algoma Battalion of Rifles

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109th Regiment

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The Grenville Regiment (Lisgar Rifles)

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18th Prescott Battalion of Infantry

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23rd Brockville Battalion (1863, 1866)

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48th Lennox and Addington Battalion of Infantry

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23rd Essex Battalion of Infantry (1866-1868)

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24th Kent Battalion of Infantry (1866-1892)

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The Lambton Regiment

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The Bruce Regiment

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43rd Carleton Battalion (1866-1875)

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20th Battalion of Infantry St Catharines (1863-1866)

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The Victoria and Haliburton Regiment

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.85.

The Victoria and Haliburton Regiment originated in 1866 as the 45th West Durham Battalion of Infantry. The unit was designated the 45th Victoria Battalion of Infantry in 1898 and the 45th Victoria Regiment in 1900. The unit became the 45th Victoria and Haliburton Regiment in 1917 and just The Victoria and Haliburton Regiment in 1920 until 1936 when the unit amalgamated with the 45th Field Battery RCA.

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The Toronto Scottish Regiment

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The Elgin Regiment

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48th Highlanders of Canada

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.47.

The 48th Highlanders originated in 1891 as the 48th Battalion Highlanders; designated the 48th Regiment Highlanders in 1900. In 1930 was designated the 48th Highlanders of Canada.

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The Norfolk Regiment of Canada

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.83. King's crown.

The Norfolk Regiment of Canada originated in 1866 as the 39th Norfolk Battalion of Rifles. in 1900it was designated the 39th Regiment Norfolk Rifles and the Norfolk Rifles in 1920. The unit was designated The Norfolk Regiment of Canada in 1928 until 1936 when it was then designated the 25th (Norfolk) Field Brigade. After a series of name changes the unit amalgamated with the 56th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment in 1954.

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The Wellington Regiment

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The 91st Regiment Canadian Highlanders

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.434. Helmet plate.

The Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders of Canada (Princess Louise's). Originated 1 September 1903 as the 91st "Highlanders". Redesignated 2 July 1904 as the 91st Regiment Canadian Highlanders'. Redesignated 1 May 1920 as The Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders of Canada'. Redesignated 15 October 1920 as the Princess Louise's (Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders) of Canada. Redesignated 15 June 1927 as The Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders of Canada (Princess Louise's). Amalgamated 15 December 1936 with the 3rd Machine Gun Battalion, CMGC (less 'C Company') and redesignated as The Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders of Canada (Princess Louise's) (Machine Gun). Redesignated 7 November 1940 as the 2nd (Reserve) Battalion, The Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders of Canada (Princess Louise's)Redesignated 1 February 1941 as the 2nd (Reserve) Battalion, The Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders of Canada (Princess Louise's)Redesignated 15 February 1946 as The Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders of Canada (Princess Louise's). 3rd Machine Gun Battalion, CMGC. Originated 1 June 1919 as the 3rd Machine Gun Brigade, CMGC. Redesignated 15 September 1924 as the 3rd Machine Gun Battalion, CMGC.  Amalgamated 15 December 1936 (less C Company) with The Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders of Canada (Princess Louise's).

The Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders of Canada

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.72. King's crown.

The Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders of Canada.

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The Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders of Canada (Princess Louise's).

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The Ontario Regiment

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Alexzandrea Blok Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.40.

The Ontario Regiment.

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Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry Highlanders

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.56.

The Stormont and Glengarry Regiment participated in the war of 1812, the 1837 rebellion, the Fenian raids (1870), the South African war, and the First World War.

The Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry Highlanders was raised in Cornwall, Ontario, on 3 July 1868, as the 59th "Stormont and Glengarry" Battalion of Infantry. It was redesignated as the 59th "Stormont" Battalion of Infantry on 22 June 1883; as the 59th Stormont and Glengarry Battalion of Infantry on 23 March 1888; and as the 59th Stormont and Glengarry Regiment on 8 May 1900. Following the Great War it was redesignated as The Stormont and Glengarry Regiment on 12 March 1920; as The Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry Highlanders on 15 February 1922; as the 2nd (Reserve) Battalion, The Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry Highlanders on 7 November 1940; as The Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry Highlanders on 24 May 1946; and as The Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry Highlanders (Machine Gun) on 1 September 1954 before returning to its designation as the Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry Highlanders on 1 August 1959.

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The Princess of Wales’ Own Regiment

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.495.

14th Princess of Wales Own Rifles.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.123.

The Princess of Wales’ Own Regiment originated on 16 January, 1863, as the 14th Battalion, Volunteer Militia Rifles of Canada. Headquarters in Kingston, Ontario with companies in Kingston and Portsmouth. Redesignated on 12 June 1868, as the 14th Battalion, The Princess of Wales’ Own Rifles. Redesignated on 8 May, 1900, as the 14th Regiment, The Princess of Wales’ Own Rifles. Redesignated on 15 March, 1920, as The Kingston Regiment (The Princess of Wales’ Own). Redesignated on 1 April, 1921, as The Princess of Wales’ Own Regiment. Amalgamated on 15 December, 1936, with A Company, The Frontenac Regiment and “A” Company, 4th Machine Gun Battalion, CMGC and redesignated as The Princess of Wales’ Own Regiment (Machine Gun). Redesignated on 1 April, 1946, as The Princess of Wales’ Own Regiment.

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The Brockville Rifles

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photos)

Accession No. 1997.28.65. (KC)

The Brockville Rifles originated in Brockville, Ontario on 5 October 1866, when the 41st Brockville Battalion of Rifles was authorized. It was redesignated the 41st Regiment "Brockville Rifles" on 8 May 1900; The Brockville Rifles on 12 March 1920; and the 2nd (Reserve) Battalion, The Brockville Rifles on 18 March 1942.The regiment was converted to artillery and redesignated the 60th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment (Brockville Rifles), RCA, on 1 April 1946. On 1 September 1954 it was amalgamated with the 32nd Anti-Tank Battery (Self-Propelled), RCA and redesignated as the 32nd Locating Battery (Brockville Rifles) RCA. On 1 December 1959, it reverted to infantry and was redesignated The Brockville Rifles. On 5 October 1866 the 41st Brockville Battalion of Rifles was authorized with six companies located as follows: 1 Company was in Brockville, 2 Company was in Gananoque, 3 Company was in Perth, 4 Company was in Merrickville, 5 Company was in Carleton Place and 6 Company was in Pakenham. During the First World War on 22 December 1915 the 156th Leeds & Grenville Battalion, Canadian Expeditionary Force was authorized. The unit moved to England as part of the proposed 5th Division, however pressing needs for troops and reinforcements on the front caused the disbanding of the unit and the men were transferred to other units.

Following the Great War, the regiment was redesignated The Brockville Rifles. In April 1926, the Colonel Commandant of the King's Royal Rifle Corps invited the unit to ally with them. Today, following a series of amalgamations within the British Army, The Brockville Rifles are allied with The Rifles. The regiment mobilized the 1st Battalion, The Brockville Rifles, Canadian Active Service Force on 18 March 1942. It served in Canada in a home defence role as part of the 13th Infantry Brigade, 6th Canadian Division, and in Jamaica on garrison duty from 5 August 1944 to 27 March 1946. The battalion was disbanded on 30 April 1946. The 2nd (Reserve) Battalion served on a part-time basis in the Reserve Army at home in Brockville. The regiment provided No. 2 Company of The Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry Highlanders, Canadian Active Service Force for active service on 24 May 1940.On April 1, 1946, the Brocks were converted and re-designated the 60th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment (Brockville Rifles) RCA. On 1 September 1954, following another amalgamation, the Brocks were yet again converted, this time to the 32nd Locating Battery (Brockville Rifles) RCA. In December 1959, the regiment reverted to infantry once again and adopted its current designation as The Brockville Rifles. Rifle regiments have no colours so their battle honours are on their drum and or their hat badge.

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The Lanark and Renfrew Scottish Regiment

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.77.

The Lanark and Renfrew Scottish Regiment.

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The Windsor Regiment

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.9.

The Essex Regiment (Tank)

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The Windsor Regiment (RCAC)

The Windsor Regiment (RCAC) originated in Windsor, Ontario, on 15 December 1936 as The Essex Regiment (Tank), named after Essex County. It was redesignated as the 30th (Reserve) Reconnaissance Battalion (Essex Regiment) on 27 January 1942; as the 30th (Reserve) Reconnaissance Regiment (Essex Regiment), CAC on 8 June 1942; as the 30th (Reserve) Reconnaissance Regiment (Essex Regiment), RCAC on 2 August 1945; as the 22nd Reconnaissance Regiment (Essex Regiment), RCAC on 1 April 1946; as The Windsor Regiment (22nd Reconnaissance Regiment) on 4 February 1949; as The Windsor Regiment (22nd Armoured Regiment) on 1 October 1954; as The Windsor Regiment (RCAC) on 19 May 1958; as The Windsor Regiment on 19 September 1985. On 14 August 1997 the regiment reverted to its previous designation as The Windsor Regiment (RCAC).

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1st Hussars

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Civil Service Rifle Regiment

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Governor General’s Foot Guards

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12th Regiment, York Rangers

(Internet Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.479.

12th Regiment, York Rangers.

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The Queen’s York Rangers (1st American Regiment)

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.501.

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The Queen's York Rangers (1st American Regiment),  (RCAC) trace their direct origins to Robert Rogers and his Rangers in 1756 during the French and Indian Wars. Disbanded after seven years of hard service, Rogers reformed the Rangers in 1775 and they soon were carried on the British Army list as The Queen's Rangers, First American Regiment. The Rangers were particularly distinguished under John Graves Simcoe in 1777 at the Battle of Brandywine and were shipped to New Brunswick at the end of the war in 1783.

When Simcoe was appointed as the first Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada, he made a stop in New Brunswick and raised the Queen's Rangers again and brought them with him in 1793 to Upper Canada. The Rangers were stood down again in 1802 and became the York Militia. They became active again during the War of 1812 and again during the Upper Canada Rebellion in 1837-38.

The York County Militia was reconstituted again on 14 September 1866 as the 12th "York Battalion of Infantry". It was redesignated as the 12th Battalion of Infantry or "York Rangers" on 10 May 1872, as the 12th Regiment "York Rangers" on 8 May 1900 and, following the Great War, as The York Rangers on 1 May 1920. On 15 December 1936, it was amalgamated with The Queen's Rangers (1st American Regiment) and redesignated The Queen's York Rangers (1st American Regiment) (MG). It was redesignated as the 2nd (Reserve) Battalion, The Queen's York Rangers (1st American Regiment) on 5 March 1942, as The Queen's York Rangers (1st American Regiment) (Reserve) on 15 September 1944, as The Queen's York Rangers (1st American Regiment) on 30 November 1945, as the 25th Armoured Regiment (Queen's York Rangers), RCAC on 19 June 1947, The Queen's York Rangers (1st American Regiment) (25th Armoured Regiment) on 4 February 1949, The Queen's York Rangers (1st American Regiment) (RCAC) on 19 May 1958, The Queen's York Rangers (RCAC) on 3 September 1985 and The Queen's York Rangers (1st American Regiment) (RCAC) on 12 November 2004.

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The Cameron Highlanders of Ottawa

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.494.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.436. Helmet plate.

During the Fenian Raids of 1870, 43rd Duke of Cornwall Own Rifles were at Fort Wellington (Prescott). In 1867, furnished a guard of honour at the laying of the corner stone of the original Parliament Buildings in Ottawa, afterwards known as the Carleton Blazers. Also variably known as 43rd Ottawa and Carleton Rifles, (Battalion or Regiment). During the Great War, it contributed the bulk of the 38th Battalion (Royal Ottawas), CEF, including it's commanding officers. Later re-organized to become the Queen’s Own Cameron Highlanders of Ottawa.

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2nd Dragoons

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10th Brant Dragoons

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2nd/10th Dragoons

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.11.

The Second/Tenth Dragoons were created in 1936 from an amalgamation of the 2nd dragoons and the 10th Brant Dragoons based out of Ontario and the east coast. Members of the Second Tenth Dragoons served were not mobilized between 1939 and 1942, however 151 soldiers from the Second Tenth served overseas with the Royal Hamilton Light Infantry and 206 soldiers with the Royal Canadian Dragoons. After the Second World War the Second Tenth Dragoons were converted to artillery and were designated the 57th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment Royal Canadian Artillery. The inscription SAGITTARII is Latin for archers.

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The Governor General’s Body Guard

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The Mississauga Horse

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The Governor General’s Horse Guards

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.26. GGHG collar dog.

‍The Governor General's Horse Guards. Nulli Secundus, translated from latin, is "Second to None" and Honi Soit Quis Mal Y Pense translated from old French is "Shame be to him who thinks evil of it". The reserve was created in 1885 during the North West Rebellion, however the reserve was not given its name until 1889 when it was officially authorized to be formed. The reserve has participated in the South African War (1900), First World War (1916-1918), Second World War (1945).

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The Peterborough Rangers

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.470.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.471.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.92.

The Peterborough Rangers originated in 1867 as the 57th Peterborough Battalion of Infantry. In 1880 the unit was designated the 57th Battalion Peterborough Rangers, the 57th Regiment Peterborough Rangers in 1900, and the Peterborough Rangers in 1920. The unit amalgamated in 1936 with several other units and was designated The Prince of Wales Rangers.

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3rd The Prince of Wales’ Canadian Dragoons

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The Prince of Wales’ Rangers (Peterborough Regiment)

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.13.

The Prince of Wales Rangers originated in 1866 as the 50th Field Artillery Regiment. After a series of name changes a section of the regiment became the The Prince of Wales Rangers in 1936 and the entirety in 1942. The final use of the Prince of Wales Rangers as a name was in 1946 when the regiment switched to artillery and became the 50th Anti-Aircraft Regiment. After some further name changes the Prince of Wales Rangers was transferred to the Supplementary Order of Battle in 1970.

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The Scots Fusiliers of Canada

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.81.

The Scots Fusiliers of Canada originated in 1914 as an eight company regiment of infantry. It was designated the 108th regiment in 1915. The unit became the Waterloo Regiment in 1920 and then the North Waterloo Regiment. The unit was designated the Scots Fusiliers of Canada in 1928 and then amalgamated with the Highland Light Infantry of Canada and became The Highland Fusiliers of Canada in 1965. The unit is known today as The Royal Highland Fusiliers of Canada.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection)

Accession No. 1997.28.446.

The Scots Fusiliers of Canada originated in 1914 as an eight company regiment of infantry. It was designated the 108th regiment in 1915. The unit became the Waterloo Regiment in 1920 and then the North Waterloo Regiment. The unit was designated the Scots Fusiliers of Canada in 1928 and then amalgamated with the Highland Light Infantry of Canada and became The Highland Fusiliers of Canada in 1965. The unit is known today as The Royal Highland Fusiliers of Canada.

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The Northern Pioneers

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The Algonquin Regiment

NE-KAH-NE-NAH( We lead others follow).

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The Sault Ste Marie and Sudbury Regiment

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.96.

The Sault Ste Marie and Sudbury Regiment.

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16th Prince Edward Regiment

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The 49th Regiment “Hastings Rifles”

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The Hastings and Prince Edward Regiment

(Private Collection Photo)

The Hastings and Prince Edward Regiment.

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The Argyll Light Infantry (Tank)

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.95.

Argyll Light Infantry

9th Anti-Tank Regiment (Self-Propelled) (Argyll Light Infantry), RCA. Originated 16 January 1863 in Belleville, Ontario as the 15th Battalion Volunteer Militia (Infantry) Canada. Redesignated 2 June 1871 as the 15th Battalion or the Argyll Light Infantry. Redesignated 8 May 1900 as the 15th Regiment Argyll Light Infantry. Redesignated 12 March 1920 The Argyll Light Infantry. Redesignated 15 December 1936 as The Argyll Light Infantry (Tank). Redesignated 7 November 1940 as The (Reserve) Argyll Light Infantry (Tank). Amalgamated 1 April 1946 with the 44th (Reserve) Field Regiment, RCA, converted to artillery, and redesignated as the 9th Anti-Tank Regiment (Self-Propelled) (Argyll Light Infantry), RCA. Amalgamated 1 September 1954 with the 34th Anti-Tank Battery (Self Propelled), RCA, The Hastings and Prince Edward Regiment and The Midland Regiment, converted to infantry, and redesignated as The Hastings and Prince Edward Regiment.

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The Northumberland Regiment

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.114.

The Northumberland Regiment.

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The Durham Regiment

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.87.

The Durham Regiment originated in 1866 as the 46th East Durham Battalion of Infantry. It was designated the 46th Durham Battalion of Infantry in 1897 and the 46th Durham Regiment in 1900. The unit became the Durham Regiment in 1920 until 1936 when the unit amalgamated with the Northumberland Regiment.

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The Midland Regiment

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.89.

The Midland Regiment

The Midland Regiment originated in 1866 as the 40th Northumberland Battalion of Infantry, the 40th Northumberland Regiment in 1900, and the Northumberland (Ontario) Regiment 1920. The unit amalgamated with the Durham Regiment and was designated the Midland Regiment in 1936. In 1954 The Midland Regiment amalgamated with the Hastings and Prince Edward Regiment.

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The 4th Hussars of Canada

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The Princess Louise Dragoon Guards

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4th Princess Louise Dragoon Guards

(Internet Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.547.

4th Princess Louise Dragoon Guards.

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The Simcoe Foresters

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The Grey Regiment

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The Grey and Simcoe Foresters

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.522.

The Grey and Simcoe Foresters.

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The Toronto Regiment

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.93.

The Toronto Regiment originated in 1920. The unit amalgamated in 1936 with The Royal Grenadiers and this unit later became (1939) The Royal Regiment of Canada.

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The Royal Grenadiers

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.99.

The Royal Grenadiers originated 21 December 1861 in Toronto, Ontario as The Toronto Engineers and Mechanics Rifle Corps. First official designation 14 March 1862 as the 10th Battalion Volunteer Militia Rifles, Canada. Redesignated 21 November 1862 as the 10th Battalion Volunteer Militia (Infantry), Canada. Redesignated 10 April 1863 as the Tenth or "Royal Regiment of Toronto Volunteers". Reorganized 5 November 1880 with the appointment of Colonel Grasett and retirement of Colonel Shaw. Redesignated 5 August 1881 as the 10th Battalion "Royal Grenadiers". Redesignated 8 May 1900 as the 10th Regiment "Royal Grenadiers". Served in the Great War as the 123rd Battalion, Royal Grenadiers, and supplied trained hundreds of infantry officers and men to several Canadian Battalions. Redesignated 1 May 1920 as the Royal Grenadiers. Amalgamated 15 December 1936 the Royal Grenadiers with the Toronto Regiment and redesignated as The Royal Regiment of Toronto Grenadiers.

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The Royal Regiment of Canada

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.118.

The Royal Regiment of Canada.

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The Wentworth Regiment

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.97.

The Wentworth Regiment.

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The Royal Hamilton Light Infantry

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.486.

The Royal Hamilton Light Infantry (RHLI) originated in Hamilton, Ontario on December 11, 1862 as the 13th Battalion Volunteer Militia (Infantry), Canada. It was redesignated as the 13th Regiment on May 8, 1900; as the 13th "Royal Regiment" on January 3, 1910; and as the Royal Hamilton Regiment on May 1, 1920. It was organized as a four battalion regiment with the 1st Battalion (perpetuating the 13th Battalion (Royal Highlanders of Canada), CEF) on the Non Permanent Active Militia order of battle, and the 2nd Battalion (perpetuating the 86th Battalion (Machine Gun), CEF), 3rd Battalion (perpetuating the 120th Battalion (City of Hamilton) CEF), and 4th Battalion (perpetuating the 205th Battalion (Hamilton), CEF)) on the Reserve order of battle. On June 15, 1926, the 1st Battalion was redesignated the 1st Battalion (perpetuating the 4th Battalion (Central Ontario), CEF). The reserve units were disbanded on December 14, 1936. The regiment was redesignated as the Royal Hamilton Light Infantry on March 15, 1927. On December 15, 1936, it amalgamated with the headquarters and three companies of the Wentworth Regiment and was redesignated as the Royal Hamilton Light Infantry (Wentworth Regiment). It was redesignated as the 2nd (Reserve) Battalion, the Royal Hamilton Light Infantry (Wentworth Regiment) on November 7, 1940 and as the Royal Hamilton Light Infantry (Wentworth Regiment) on December 31, 1945. On May 4, 1951, the regiment mobilized two temporary Active Force companies designated "E" and "F" Company. "E" Company was reduced to nil strength upon its personnel being incorporated into the 1st Canadian Rifle Battalion (later the 1st Battalion, the Queen's Own Rifles of Canada) for service in Germany with NATO. It was disbanded on July 29, 1953. "F" Company was initially used as a reinforcement pool for "E" Company. On May 15, 1952, it was reduced to nil strength, upon its personnel being absorbed by the newly formed 2nd Canadian Rifle Battalion (later the 2nd Battalion, the Queen's Own Rifles of Canada) for service with the United Nations in Korea.

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The Royal Hamilton Light Infantry (Wentworth Regiment)

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The Peel and Dufferin Regiment

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.518.

The Peel and Dufferin Regiment.

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The Lorne Rifles (Scottish)

The Lorne Scots (Peel, Dufferin and Halton Regiment)

The Lorne Scots (Peel, Dufferin and Halton Regiment) originated in Brampton, Ontario, on 14 September 1866, as the 36th "Peel Battalion of Infantry". It was redesignated as the 36th Peel Regiment on 8 May 1900, as the Peel Regiment on 1 May 1920 and The Peel and Dufferin Regiment on 15 April 1923. On 15 December 1936, it was amalgamated with The Lorne Rifles (Scottish) and redesignated The Lorne Scots (Peel, Dufferin and Halton Regiment).The Lorne Rifles (Scottish)originated in Milton, Ontario, on 28 September 1866, as the 20th "Halton Battalion of Infantry". It was redesignated the 20th "Halton" Battalion of Rifles on 12 January 1872, as the 20th Halton Battalion "Lorne Rifles" on 11 November 1881, as the 20th Halton Regiment "Lorne Rifles" on 8 May 1900, as the 20th Regiment, Halton Rifles on 1 December 1909, as The Halton Rifles on 1 May 1920 and The Lorne Rifles (Scottish) on 1 November 1931. On 15 December 1936, it was amalgamated with The Peel and Dufferin Regiment.

(Private Collection Photo)

20th Regiment, Halton Rifles

The 37th Haldimand Battalion of Rifles

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo_

Accession No. 1997.28.432. Helmet plate

The Haldimand Rifles was an infantry regiment of the Non-Permanent Active Militia of the Canadian Militia (now the Canadian Army). In 1936, the regiment was Amalgamated with The Dufferin Rifles of Canada to form The Dufferin and Haldimand Rifles of Canada (now the 56th Field Artillery Regiment, RCA).Originated on 28 September 1866, in York, Ontario, as the 37th Haldimand Battalion of Rifles.

Redesignated on 8 May 1900, as the 37th Regiment Haldimand Rifles. Redesignated on 1 May 1920, as The Haldimand Rifles. Amalgamated on 15 December 1936, with The Dufferin Rifles of Canada and C Company of the 3rd Machine Gun Battalion, CMGC (now The Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders of Canada (Princess Louise's)), and Redesignated as The Dufferin and Haldimand Rifles of Canada.

(Private Collection Photo)

The 38th Dufferin Rifles of Canada

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The Dufferin and Haldimand Rifles of Canada

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.48.

The Dufferin and Haldimand Rifles of Canada (DHRC) originated in 1886 as the Haldimand Battalion Rifles. In 1936 the Haldimand Rifles amalgamated with the Dufferin Rifles of Canada and the C company of the 3rd Machine Gun Battalion and were designated The Dufferin and Haldimand Rifles of Canada. The unit was converted to artillery in 1946 and designated the 56th Field Artillery Regiment.

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The Lincoln Regiment

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.94.

The Lincoln Regiment originated in 1863 as the 19th Battalion Volunteer Militia. It was designated the 19th Lincoln Battalion of Infantry in 1866, 19th St. Catharines Battalion of Infantry in 1897, 19th St. Catharines Regiment in 1900, and 19th Lincoln Regiment in 1912. The unit became the Lincoln Regiment in 1920. In 1936 the unit amalgamated with The Lincoln and Welland Regiment.

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St. Catharines Regiment

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(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.462.

St. Catharines Regiment.

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44th Lincoln and Welland Regiment

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York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.481.

44th Lincoln and Welland Regiment, ca 1910.

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The Lincoln and Welland Regiment

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The Oxford Rifles

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.69.

The Oxford Rifles were designated in 1920 and was organized as a two battalion regiment with the 1st Battalion on non-permanent Active Militia and the 2nd Battalion on the reserve order of battle. The Oxford Rifles amalgamated with the London Fusiliers which later amalgamated and became 4th Battalion The Royal Canadian Regiment.

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7th Fusiliers

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Doug Hall Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.480.

7th Fusiliers (City of London). On 7 April 1885 the 7th Fusiliers left London for the Northwest Rebellion, that took place in what is now Saskatchewan and Alberta. On 24 July 1885 the returning officers arrived back in London.

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The Canadian Fusiliers (City of London Regiment)

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.120.

The Canadian Fusiliers (City of London Regiment) was an infantry regiment of the Non-Permanent Active Militia of the Canadian Militia (now the Canadian Army). In 1954, the regiment was amalgamated with The Oxford Rifles to form The London and Oxford Fusiliers (now the reserve battalion of the Royal Canadian Regiment).The Canadian Fusiliers (City of London Regiment).  Originated on 27 April 1866, in London, Ontario as the 7th Battalion Infantry (Prince Arthur's Own). Redesignated on 1 May 1866, as the 7th Battalion Infantry. Redesignated on 15 February 1867, as the 7th Battalion London Light Infantry. Redesignated on 16 January 1880, as the 7th Battalion Fusiliers. Redesignated on 8 May 1900, as the 7th Regiment Fusiliers. Redesignated on 29 March 1920, The Western Ontario Regiment. Redesignated on 1 August 1924, as The Canadian Fusiliers (City of London Regiment). Amalgamated on 15 December 1936, with the Headquarters and A Company of the 2nd Machine Gun Battalion, CMGC and redesignated as The Canadian Fusiliers (City of London Regiment) (Machine Gun). Redesignated on 29 January 1942, as the 2nd (Reserve) Battalion, The Canadian Fusiliers (City of London Regiment). Redesignated on 24 March 1942, as the 2nd (Reserve) Battalion, The Canadian Fusiliers (City of London Regiment) (Machine Gun). Redesignated on 1 April 1946, as The Canadian Fusiliers (City of London Regiment) (Machine Gun).Amalgamated on 1 October 1954, with The Oxford Rifles and redesignated as The London and Oxford Fusiliers (3rd Battalion, The Royal Canadian Regiment). 2nd Machine Gun Battalion, CMGC. Originated on 1 June 1919, in London, Ontario as the 2nd Machine Gun Brigade, CMGC. Redesignated on 15 September 1924, as the 2nd Machine Gun Battalion, CMGC. Amalgamated on 15 December 1936, with The Canadian Fusiliers (City of London Regiment).

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4th Battalion, The Royal Canadian Regiment (London and Oxford Fusiliers)

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The Middlesex Light Infantry

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The Huron Regiment

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The Middlesex and Huron Regiment

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The Perth Regiment

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.67.

The Perth Regiment originated in 1866 as the 28th Perth Battalion of Infantry. It was designated The Perth Regiment in 1920. In 1954 the unit amalgamated with the Highland Light Infantry of Canada and was designated The Perth and Waterloo Regiment. The amalgamation ceased in 1957 and The Perth Regiment was transferred to the Supplementary Order of Battle in 1965.

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The Highland Light Infantry of Canada

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The Highland Fusiliers of Canada

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.52.

The Highland Light infantry was formed in 1866 at the 29th Waterloo Battalion of Infantry. It was then designated the 29th Waterloo Regiment in 1900. In 1915 it was designated the 29th Regiment (Highland Light Infantry of Canada) and in 1965 the unit amalgamated with the Scot Fusiliers and was designated the Highland Fusiliers of Canada.

The Royal Highland Fusiliers originated in 1812 when a group of unarmed Mennonite teamsters hauled supplies. The unit had sent 3 763 volunteers in WWI but in WWII the unit was divided into two groups with new unit names. Post WWII The Highland Light Infantry of Canada was formed and in 1964 they amalgamated with the Scots Fusiliers of Canada and the unit became known as the Highland Fusiliers of Canada. The unit has also served in Egypt, Cyprus, Cambodia, Namibia, the former republic of Yugoslavia, and Afghanistan.

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The Kent Regiment

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.113.

The Kent Regiment.

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The Essex Scottish

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The Essex and Kent Scottish

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.54.

The Essex and Kent Scottish.

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The Lake Superior Scottish Regiment

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.71. King's crown.

The Lake Superior Scottish Regiment

The Lake Superior Scottish Regiment originated 3 July 1905 in Port Arthur, Ontario when a "regiment of infantry" was authorized to be formed. Designated 1 December 1905 as the 96th The Lake Superior Regiment. Redesignated 12 March 1920 as The Lake Superior Regiment. Redesignated 7 November 1940 as the 2nd (Reserve) Battalion, The Lake Superior Regiment. Redesignated 1 April 1946 as The Lake Superior Regiment (Motor). Redesignated 29 June 1949 as The Lake Superior Scottish Regiment (Motor). Redesignated 11 April 1958 as The Lake Superior Scottish Regiment.

(Internet Photo)

Accession No. 1997.28.452.

96th Lake Superior Regiment.

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