Medals, York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum collection

Medals in the Fredericton Region Museum Collection, listed in order of precedence

Victoria Cross (VC)

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 2008.1.193.

Victoria Cross (Replica).

The Victoria Cross (VC) is the highest and most prestigious decoration of the British honours system. It is awarded for valour "in the presence of the enemy" to members of the British Armed Forces and may be awarded posthumously. It was previously awarded by countries of the Commonwealth of Nations, most of which have established their own honours systems and no longer recommend British honours. It may be awarded to a person of any military rank in any service and to civilians under military command. No civilian has received the award since 1879. Since the first awards were presented by Queen Victoria in 1857, two thirds of all awards have been personally presented by the British monarch. The investitures are usually held at Buckingham Palace. The VC was introduced on 29 January 1856 by Queen Victoria to honour acts of valour during the Crimean War. Since then, the medal has been awarded 1,358 times to 1,355 individual recipients. Only 15 medals, of which 11 to members of the British Army and 4 to members of the Australian Army, have been awarded since the Second World War. The traditional explanation of the source of the metal from which the medals are struck is that it derives from a Russian cannon captured at the siege of Sevastopol. However, research has indicated another origin for the material. The historian John Glanfield has established that the metal for most of the medals made since December 1914 came from two Chinese cannons and that there is no evidence of Russian origin. Beginning with the Centennial of Confederation in 1967, Canada, developed is own national honours systems, separate from and independent of the British or Imperial honours system. Operational gallantry awards were developed with the premier award of each system, with the Canadian Victoria Cross being created and named in honour of the Victoria Cross.

‍

George Cross (GC)

Cross of Valour (CV)

Order of Merit (OM)

Order of the Companions of Honour (CH)

Companion of the Order of Canada (CC)

Officer of the Order of Canada (OC)

Member of the Order of Canada (CM)

Commander of the Order of Military Merit (CMM)

Commander of the Order of Merit of the Police Forces (COM)

Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB)

Companion of the Order of St. Michael and St. George (CMG)

Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (CVO)

Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE)

Distinguished Service Order (DSO)

Officer of the Order of Military Merit (OMM)

Officer of the Order of Merit of the Police Forces (OOM)

Lieutenant of the Royal Victorian Order (LVO)

Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE)

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1975.4.19.

Order of the British Empire, 1917.

The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British order of chivalry, rewarding contributions to the arts and sciences, work with charitable and welfare organisations, and public service outside the civil service. It was established on 4 June 1917 by King George V and comprises five classes across both civil and military divisions, the most senior two of which make the recipient either a knight if male or dame if female. Recommendations for all appointments to the Order of the British Empire were originally made on the nomination of the United Kingdom, the self-governing Dominions of the Empire (later Commonwealth) and the Viceroy of India. Nominations continue today from Commonwealth countries that participate in recommending British honours. Most Commonwealth countries ceased recommendations for appointments to the Order of the British Empire when they created their own honours.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photos)

Accession No. 1989.11.22.

Order of the British Empire, 1917.

The OBE has a purple ribbon with red stripes down the centre. Four-arm cross surmounted by crown. Blue enamel and metal topped with a gold crown on red ribbon with a thin grey stripe, "For God and The Empire" in the centre with King George V and Queen Mary in profile. Issued to a member who served with the 71st York Regiment as well as 104th CEF Battalion

The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British order of chivalry, rewarding contributions to the arts and sciences, work with charitable and welfare organisations, and public service outside the civil service. It was established on 4 June 1917 by King George V and comprises five classes across both civil and military divisions, the most senior two of which make the recipient either a knight if male or dame if female.

Recommendations for all appointments to the Order of the British Empire were originally made on the nomination of the United Kingdom, the self-governing Dominions of the Empire (later Commonwealth) and the Viceroy of India. Nominations continue today from Commonwealth countries that participate in recommending British honours. Most Commonwealth countries ceased recommendations for appointments to the Order of the British Empire when they created their own honours.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1989.11.22a-j.

Miniature Medal set: Order of the British Empire. British War Medal, 1914-1918, King George V.  The Great War of Civilisation 1914-1919 Victory Medal. Defence Medal, 1939-1945. Canadian Volunteer Service Medal with overseas clasp, 1939-1945. British War Medal 1939-1945, King George VI. Coronation medal, King George VI and Queen Elizabeth.  Long service in the Colonial Auxiliary Forces reserve, King George V. Territorial Efficiency Medal, Canada.

‍

Imperial Service Order (ISO)

(YSHS, FRM, Bella Doherty Photos)

1996.32.1.

‍Issued to William Wheatley.

The Imperial Service Order is a decoration of Great Britain established by King Edward VII in August 1902 and awarded on retirement to the administration and clerical staff of the Civil Service throughout the British Empire for long and meritorious service.A person must have served for 25 years at home, 20 years and 6 months in India and 16 years in the tropics to become eligible. In exceptional cases, awards were made for “eminently meritorious service” irrespective of the qualifying period.There is one class: Companion. Both men and women are eligible, as women were admitted in 1908. and recipients of this order are entitled to use the post-nominal letters ‘ISO’. No awards have been made since 1995.The Imperial Service Medal was instituted at the same time as the ISO but was intended for junior grades of the Civil Service.The medal is struck in silver with gold overlay and measures 61 mm high and 55 mm wide.The insignia of the order for men is an eight-pointed silver star, with the top ray obscured by a crown; the golden central medallion bore the cipher of the reigning monarch surrounded by the legend ‘For Faithful Service‘. The medal is suspended on a ribbon of crimson with a blue central stripe. The insignia for women is the same medallion as for men, surrounded by a silver laurel wreath and topped by a crown, suspended on a bow of crimson with a blue central stripe. The medal is struck in silver and bronze, circular and measures 32 mm. In 1920 it was transformed from a silver plaque into a circular medal with the sovereign’s effigy on the obverse, and a reverse depicting a naked man resting from his labors. The exergue reads “FOR FAITHFUL SERVICE”. The ribbon measures 38 mm wide and has three equal sections of crimson, blue and crimson.

Imperial Service Medal (ISM)

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1996.34.1.  

Imperial Service Medal (ISM), King George V version, 1931-1937.

‍Issued to William George Gulliver. I SM of Long Service in Civil Service.

The ISM is a medal affiliated with the Imperial Service Order. The medal was established under the statutes of the Imperial Service Order, on 8 August 1902, by King Edward VII, with the first awards appearing in the London Gazette in May 1903. It is presented upon retirement to selected civil servants, not belonging to the administrative or clerical branches,[4] who complete at least 25 years meritorious service. It is primarily an award to manual and industrial grades, including workers in H M Dockyards and, prior to 1969 when it moved from central government control, the Post Office.  Prison officers were eligible prior to the establishment in 2010 of the Prison Services Long Service Medal. The minimum period of service was 20½ years in India prior to independence in 1947, and 16 years in unhealthy climates in other countries.

The obverse bears the image of the reigning monarch, The reverse bears the image of a naked man resting from his labours with the inscription "For Faithful Service". The name of the recipient is impressed on the rim of the medal. Recipients are listed in the London Gazette. To date, here have been six versions.

‍

Member of the Order of Military Merit (MMM)

Member of the Order of Merit of the Police Forces (MOM)

Member of the Royal Victorian Order (MVO)

Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE)

Member of the Royal Red Cross (RRC)

Distinguished Service Cross (DSC)

Military Cross (MC)

Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC)

Air Force Cross (AFC)

Star of Military Valour (SMV)

Star of Courage (SC)

Meritorious Service Cross (MSC)

Medal of Military Valour (MMV)

Medal of Bravery (MB)

Meritorious Service Medal (MSM)

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photo)

Accession No. 1996.39.1.  

Meritorious Service Medal (MSM), United Kingdom, King George V version, 1902.

This medal was awarded for valuable and commendable service. The medal was awarded those in the permanent forces including Warrant Officers and senior Non-commissioned Officers (NCOs) (Sergeant or above), who were discharged after 21 years of service (18 if disabled), and had earned the Long Service and Good Conduct Medal. The dates were from 1902 to 1958 if enrolled before 01 September 1939. The award was limited to 40 who could wear it at any given time. The number was increased to 75 in 1928 and to 100 in 1939.In 1916, the MSM was awarded to all ranks: "duly recommended for the grant in respect of gallant conduct in the performance of military duty otherwise than in action against the enemy, or in saving, or attempting to save the life of an officer or soldier, or for devotion to duty in a theatre of war." The gallantry portion was cancelled on 07 September 1928 because the British Empire Medal now served this purpose.

The King's Regulations and Orders’ of 1939 listed the MSM and stated that it could be awarded to a soldier of the active militia who is recommended on account of gallant conduct in the performance of military duty (not necessarily on active service) or in saving or attempting to save the life of an officer or soldier, or for devotion to duty in a theatre of war.A circular, silver medal, 1.42 inches in diameter. For mounting, an ornate scroll suspender is attached to the medal with a single-toe claw. On the obverse: King George V: An effigy in Field Marshal's uniform, facing left, and the legend: GEORGIVS V BRITT : OMN : REX ET IND : IMP :The reverse displays the inscription FOR / MERITORIOUS / SERVICE in three lines, encircled by two laurel leaves, tied at the bottom with a bow and separated at the top by an Imperial Crown. King George V medals awarded to Canadians bear the word CANADA above the crown.  (The FRM medal is not one of them)The crimson ribbon is 1.25 inches wide. Because the ribbon was the same as that for the Victoria Cross (VC), white edge stripes were added in 1916; and in 1917 a narrow white central stripe was added. Bars were awarded for additional acts of gallantry. The number of medals issued to Canadians was 275 for service and 1430 for gallantry. The recipient's rank, name, and regiment are engraved around the rim.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photo)

Accession No. 2014.16.11.

Set of ten military medals awarded to Regimental Sergeant-Major A.A. Dodge, 2/D.A.C. Canadian Field Artillery.

Meritorious Service Medal (MSM). 1914-1915 First World War Star. British War Medal, King George V, 1919. Victory Medal (Inter-Allied War Medal), 1914-1919. Defence Medal, 1945. Canadian Volunteer Service Medal with Overseas clasp, 1939-1945. British War Medal 1939-1945. King George VI Coronation Medal, 1937. Army Long Service & Good Conduct Medal King George V. Efficiency Medal, King George VI.

‍

Associate of the Royal Red Cross (ARRC)

‍

The Most Venerable Order of St John of Jerusalem

‍

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photo)

Accession No. 1988.18.12a.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1988.18.12a

Officer Sister Order of St. John Medal, 1888.

The Medal is of a Maltese cross design, an eight-pointed cross in white enamel set in silver-coloured metal. The cross is embellished in each of its principal angles with lions and unicorns, a lion being in the top left and bottom right angles. The Order of St. John, formerly known of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem, was constituted by Queen Victoria by Royal Charter on 14 May 1888. Membership of the Order is open to suitable candidates of any Christian faith who demonstrate the tenants of the Order by acting to prevent and relieve sickness and injury as well as to enhance the health and well-being of people anywhere in the world. The Order is conferred in 5 grades. Members are most often admitted at lower grades and later promoted to higher grades in recognition of dutiful service and good deeds.

Membership of the Order is also limited to 35 000 members. There may be additional grades associated with the Order. For all members of the Order, when the ribbon is worn alone a small silver Maltese cross is worn on the ribbon. Until 2001, Crosses worn by women were issued in a smaller size. Since 2001, the Officer's Cross is worn by men on the breast from a ribbon and by women on the shoulder by a bow. Officers are entitled to use the post-nominal letters "OStJ" within the organization. There are multiple versions of the Badge which vary by composition.

Accession No. 1988.18.12b.  ‍

Officer Sister Order of St. John, miniature medal with black grosgrain ribbon attached to the pin.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photo)

Accession No. 1988.18.11a-b.

a) Medal Officer Sister Order of St. John. White enamel cross of St John in silver base interspaced with silver unicorn and lion attachment at top for the ribbon.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection)

b) Miniature Medal, Officer Sister Order of St. John, with a black grosgrain ribbon attached to the pin.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1988.18.9b. Service Medal of the Order of St. John, Queen Victoria, 1898.

This service medal has been awarded in England from 1898 to present and in Canada since 1955. In Canada, the medal is awarded for 12 years of service to the St. John Ambulance organization. Also, service in both the St. John Ambulance Brigade and the St. John Ambulance Association qualify and the two service times may be combined but only one may be counted per year. In England, the qualifying time is now 12 years instead of 15.A circular, copper-nickel, rhodium-plated medal silver in colour. The medal is 1.5 inches in diameter. For mounting there is a single-toe claw with inward scrolls attaches to a straight bar. On the obverse there is a crowned, veiled effigy of Queen Victoria, facing right, is displayed on a circular field with a beaded edge. The legend: VICTORIA + 1 + G + BRITT + REG + F + D + IND + IMP appears between the beaded circle and the raised edge of the medal.

The reverse shows the Royal Arms within the Garter bearing the legend HONI · SOIT · QUI · MAL ·Y · PENSE. Above this is an Imperial Crown and below it the Prince of Wales' Feathers. On each side is the badge of the order, each bearing a shield, one on the left charged with the arms of the order and that on the right with the arms of the Prince of Wales. The whole device rests upon a sprig of St. John's Wort. This central motif is surrounded by a border bearing the words: · MAGNUS · PRIORATUS · HOSPITAL · SANCTI · JOHANNIS · JERUSALEM · IN · ANGLIA. The ribbon is 1.5 inches wide, and consists of five equal stripes: black, white, black, white and black. A single stitch of white appears at each edge. A miniature silver St. John Cross is worn in undress for each bar up to three. At four bars, one cross of rolled gold is worn. A bar is awarded for each additional five years of service. The bars are of the slip-on type, silver, laurelled with a St. John Cross in the centre. After three silver bars are awarded, a gilt bar is worn (32 years of service) and additional gilt bars are awarded for each five years. Once a gilt bar is awarded, only that gilt bars and subsequent gilt bars are worn. The medal is currently issued unnamed, but prior to 1970, the recipient's name was engraved on the rim. There have been 5,063 medals awarded to Canadians to 06 May 1993, but the number of bars awarded is unknown.

‍

Distinguished Conduct Medal (DCM)

‍

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1996.28.1

Distinguished Conduct Medal, King George V version, 1854.

‍Issued to 15882 SJT. J.B. Morgan 9 R.W. Fusiliers

The Distinguished Conduct Medal was a decoration established in 1854 by Queen Victoria for gallantry in the field by other ranks of the British Army. It is the oldest British award for gallantry and was a second level military decoration, ranking below the Victoria Cross, until it was discontinued in 1993 when it was replaced by the Conspicuous Gallantry Cross. The medal was also awarded to non-commissioned military personnel of other Commonwealth Dominions and Colonies.

‍

Conspicuous Gallantry Medal (CGM)

George Medal (GM)

Distinguished Service Medal (DSM)

Military Medal (MM)

‍

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo, left, Wikipedia Photo, right)

Accession No. 1996.31.1.

Military Medal, King George V, 1916.‍

Awarded to Pte A. Petrie, 147th Canadian Infantry Battalion.

The MM was instituted on 25 March 1916. The medal is awarded to Warrant Officers, Non-commissioned Officers and non-commissioned members for individual or associated acts of bravery on the recommendation of a Commander-in-Chief in the field.

It is a circular, silver medal, 1.42 inches in diameter. For mounting, an ornate scroll suspender is attached to the medal with a single-toe claw.

Obverse: the face with the head and shoulders portrait of King George V in Field Marshal’s uniform facing left, circumscribed ‘GEORGIUS V BRITT: OMN: REX ET IND: IMP:’ (King George V King of Great Britain, Emperor of India)

Reverse: FOR BRAVERY IN THE FIELD in four lines, encircled by a laurel wreath and surmounted by the Royal Cypher and Imperial Crown. The MM has a dark blue ribbon, 1.25 inches wide, with five equal centre stripes of white, red, white, red, and white.

‍

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photos)

Accession No. 1996.30.1.

Military Medal, King George V. Issued to R32658 Pte W. Blackman 18 KR Rifles.

‍

Distinguished Flying Medal (DFM)

Air Force Medal (AFM)

Queen’s Gallantry Medal (QGM)

Royal Victorian Medal (RVM)

British Empire Medal (BEM)

Military General Service Medal (MGSM) (1848)

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1996.25.1

Military General Service Medal, 1848, with Nive and Nivelle clasps.‍

Awarded to Private J. Grifeiths, 1st Foot Guards, a veteran of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars 1793–1814.

The Military General Service Medal (MGSM) was a campaign medal approved in 1847 and issued to officers and men of the British Army in 1848. The MGSM was approved on 1 June 1847 as a retrospective award for various military actions from 1793–1814; a period encompassing the French Revolutionary Wars, the Napoleonic Wars, and the Anglo-American War of 1812. Each battle or campaign covered by the medal was represented by a clasp on the ribbon; twenty-nine were sanctioned and the maximum awarded to one man was fifteen.

The Duke of Richmond, who had fought at Waterloo, was chiefly responsible for the belated institution of the Military General Service Medal for all survivors of the campaigns between 1793 and 1814. He campaigned in Parliament and also enlisted the interest of Queen Victoria, who persuaded a reluctant Duke of Wellington that junior and non-commissioned officers and private soldiers deserved this recognition.  Up until that time,, only the Waterloo Medal had been awarded to all ranks, while senior officers could receive the Army Gold Medal for service in the Napoleonic Wars.

The MGSM was only awarded to surviving claimants. A combination of factors, including general illiteracy and limited publicity for the new medal, meant that many did not apply for it, with only about 10 per cent of those who served receiving the medal. While next of kin could not apply for a medal on behalf of a deceased relative, they did receive the medal in cases where the claimant had died between their application and actual award. A total of 26,089 medals were awarded.

This medal and its naval counterpart, the Naval General Service Medal, were among the first real British campaign medals, issued to all ranks present at a battle or campaign. The earlier Army Gold Medal had been awarded to field and general officers for their successful commands; they were not eligible to claim clasps for the same battle on the MGSM. To distinguish between the two medals, the MGSM was referred to as the "silver medal".

The medal, designed by William Wyon, is of silver and 1.4 inches (36 mm) in diameter. Obverse: a left facing effigy of Queen Victoria with the inscription "VICTORIA REGINA" and the date "1848".Reverse: Queen Victoria standing on a dais, crowning a kneeling Duke of Wellington with a laurel wreath. Above is the inscription "TO THE BRITISH ARMY", with the dates "1793-1814" below.

The name and regiment of the recipient is impressed on the rim in block Roman capitals. The 1.25 inches (32 mm) wide ribbon is crimson, with dark blue edges,[9] the 'military ribbon' previously used for the Army Gold Medal and Cross and the Waterloo Medal.

This medal was earned during the Battle of Nivelle (10 November 1813) which took place in front of the river Nivelle near the end of the Peninsular War (1808–1814). After the Allied siege of San Sebastian, Wellington's 80,000 British, Portuguese and Spanish troops (20,000 of the Spaniards were untried in battle) were in hot pursuit of Marshal Soult who had 60,000 men to place in a 20-mile perimeter. After the Light Division, the main British army was ordered to attack and the 3rd Division split Soult's army in two. By two o'clock, Soult was in retreat and the British in a strong offensive position. Soult had lost another battle on French soil and had lost 4,500 men to Wellington's 5,500.

The Battles of the Nive (9–13 December 1813) were fought towards the end of the Peninsular War. Arthur Wellesley, Marquess of Wellington's Anglo-Portuguese and Spanish army defeated Marshal Nicolas Soult's French army on French soil in a series of battles near the city of Bayonne.

The following clasps were awarded. Although the medal bears the dates 1793 to 1814, no clasp was authorised for service before 1801, or between 1802 and 1805.[13] A total of 21 clasps relate to the Peninsular War and three to the War of 1812. The medal was never issued without a clasp. The most awarded to a single recipient was 15.Egypt (Clasp authorised in 1850), Maida, Roleia, Vimiera, Sahagun, Benevente, Sahagun and Benevente (If present at both actions), Corunna, Martinique, Talavera, Guadaloupe, Busaco, Barrosa, Fuentes D'Onor, Albuhera, Java, Ciudad Rodrigo, Badajoz, Salamanca, Fort Detroit, Vittoria, Pyrenees, St Sebastien, Chateauguay, Nivelle, Chrysler's Farm, Nive, Orthes, and Toulouse. Note: Chateauguay, and Chrysler's Farm were battles fought in Canada during the War of 1812.

‍

Crimea Medal (1854)

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photo)

Accession No. 1986.19.52.

Crimean War Medal, Queen Victoria, 1854, with Sevastopol, Inkermann, and Alma clasps.

The Crimea Medal was a campaign medal approved on 15 December 1854, for issue to officers and men of British units (land and naval) which fought in the Crimean War of 1854–56 against Russia.

The medal consists of a 36 millimetres (1.4 in) silver disc with, on the obverse, the diademed head of Queen Victoria and the legend VICTORIA REGINA with the date 1854 below. The reverse has a depiction of a standing Roman warrior about to receive a laurel crown from a flying figure of victory, the word CRIMEA appearing on the left. The medal is notable for its unusually ornate clasps. Each is in the form of an oak leaf with an acorn at each end, a style not used on any other British medal. The ornate, floriated, swivelling suspender is also unique to the Crimea Medal.

The 27 millimetres (1.1 in) wide ribbon is pale blue with yellow edges. Most medals were issued unnamed, but could be returned for naming free of charge – impressed on the rim in block Roman capitals, in the same style as the Military General Service Medal – while some recipients had their medals privately engraved.

Five clasps were authorised: Alma – for the battle of 20 September 1854. Balaklava – for the battle of 25 October 1854. Inkerman – for the battle of 5 November 1854. Sebastopol – for the siege that lasted from 11 September 1854 to 9 September 1855.

Anyone who received the Balaklava or Inkerman clasps was also awarded this clasp. Azoff – for the Naval expedition in the Sea of Azoff from 25 May to 22 September 1855. It was awarded only to Royal Navy personnel. The Alma and Inkerman clasps were authorised in December 1854 at the same time as the medal, with that for Balaklava on 23 February 1855, Sebastopol on 13 October 1855 and Azoff on 2 May 1856.Azoff. No person received more than four clasps.The medal was awarded to the next of kin of those who died during the campaign.

‍

Indian Mutiny Medal (1858)

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photo )

Accession No. 1996.23.1.

Indian Mutiny Medal, (IMM), Queen Victoria, 1858, with Central India clasp.

Issued to Michael O'Brian 3rd Madras European Regiment.

The IMM was a campaign medal approved in August 1858, for officers and men of British and Indian units who served in operations in suppression of the Indian Rebellion of 1857. The medal was initially sanctioned for award to troops who had been engaged in action against the mutineers. However, in 1868 the award was extended to all those who had borne arms or who had been under fire, including such people as members of the Indian judiciary and the Indian civil service, who were caught up in the fighting. Some 290,000 medals were awarded.

The obverse depicts the diademed head of a young Queen Victoria with the legend VICTORIA REGINA, designed by William Wyon. The reverse shows a helmeted Britannia holding a wreath in her right hand and a union shield on her left arm. She is standing in front of a lion. Above is the word INDIA, with the dates 1857–1858 below. The reverse was designed by Leonard Charles Wyon, who also engraved the die of the medal. The 1.25 inches (32 mm) wide ribbon is white with two scarlet stripes, with each stripe of equal width. The recipient's name and unit is impressed on the rim of the medal in block Roman capitals. (Wikipedia)

Five clasps were authorised, though the maximum awarded to any one man was four. The clasps read downwards from the top of the medal. Delhi: 30 May – 14 September 1857. Awarded to troops participating in the recapture of Delhi. Defence of Lucknow: 29 June – 22 November 1857. Awarded to original defenders of Lucknow, including the masters and boys of La Martinière College in Lucknow who escaped to the Residency and assisted in its defence, and to the first relief force commanded by Sir Henry Havelock. Relief of Lucknow: November 1857. Awarded to the second Lucknow relief force under the command of Sir Colin Campbell. Lucknow: November 1857 – March 1858. Awarded to troops under command of Sir Colin Campbell who were engaged in final operations leading to the surrender of Lucknow and the clearing of the surrounding areas. Central India: January – June 1858. Awarded for service during the Central Indian campaign, including to those who served under Major-General Sir Hugh Rose in actions against Jhansi, Kalpi, and Gwalior. Also awarded to those who served with Major-General Roberts in the Rajputana Field Force and Major-General Whitlock of the Madras Column.

India General Service Medal (IGSM 1854)

India Medal (1896)

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1996.22.1.

India Medal, Queen Victoria, 1896, with Tirah 1897-98, Samana 1897, and Punjab Frontier 1897-98 clasps.

The India Medal was a campaign medal approved in 1896 for issue to officers and men of the British and Indian armies. The India Medal was awarded for various minor military campaigns in India, chiefly for service on the North-West Frontier during 1895 to 1902. This medal replaced the India General Service Medal (1854). Each campaign was represented by a clasp on the ribbon; seven were sanctioned.

The medal was awarded in silver to soldiers of the British and Indian armies, and in bronze to native bearers and servants. The obverse shows the profile of Queen Victoria. The reverse, designed by G. W. de Saulles, portrays a British and an Indian soldier together carrying a standard with the inscription "India 1895". The 1.25 inches (32 mm) wide ribbon had five equal stripes of red, green, red, green, red. The name and details of the recipient were engraved on the edge of the medal, normally in running script.

The following clasps were issued with the medal: Defence of Chitral 1895, 3 March – 13 April 1895, Relief of Chitral 1895, 7 March – 15 August 1895, Punjab Frontier 1897–98, 10 June 1897 – 6 April 1898, Malakand 1897, 26 July – 2 August 1897, (Awarded to troops involved in the Siege of Malakand.), Samana 1897, 2 August – 2 October 1897, Tirah 1897–98, 2 October 1897 – 6 April 1898, Waziristan 1901–02, 23 November 1901 – 10 March 1902, 2 August – 2 October 1897, Tirah 1897–98, 2 October 1897 – 6 April 1898, Waziristan 1901–02, 23 November 1901 – 10 March 1902.

‍

Canada General Service Medal (CGSM) (1899)

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1996.57.1.

Canada General Service Medal (CGSM), 1899, with Fenian Raid 1866 clasp.

Awarded to Corporal Timothy O’Brien of the 2nd Battalion, Charlotte County Militia.

The Canada General Service Medal was a campaign medal awarded by the Canadian Government to both Imperial and Canadian forces for duties related to the suppression of the Fenian raids and Riel's First Rebellion, the latter being generally referred to as the Red River Expedition.   The medal was not issued until 1899 and had to be applied for.  The period for applying for the medal was later extended to 1907, and then to 1928.  With late applications, approximately 16,668 medals were awarded, including 15,300 to members of Canadian units.

The obverse of the medal bears the head of Queen Victoria with the legend VICTORIA REGINA ET IMPERATRIX, while the reverse depicts the red ensign of Canada surrounded by a wreath of maple leaves with the word CANADA above.  The medal was always awarded with a clasp, with 20 medals awarded with all three clasps.  The number of clasps indicated below includes those that appear on multi-clasp medals.

"In 1899, an Army Order approved the issue of this medal by the Canadian Government. The award was for services during several serious disturbances in Canada by the Fenians- sympathisers with Irish Nationalism- in Canada and the United States. The two 'Fenian Raid' clasps were awarded to troops who were engaged during the two raids from the United States. On both occasions, the Fenians, led by John O'Neil, crossed the border into Canada and tried to incite a revolt against British rule. They were twice defeated by Imperial troops and Canadian Militia and pushed back across the border. The third clasp, that for 'Red River 1870'. Which is much the rarest clasp on the medal, was awarded to troops under Colonel (later Field-Marshall) Wolseley; his force marched 1,100 miles to Manitoba, where rebels were occupying Fort Garry; they fled before the force arrived. Some 16,500 medals were issued in all, some 85% of them to various units of the Canadian Militia, the remainder to Imperial troops. The medal was not issued without a clasp, and only 11 three clasp medals were issued. 1,400 medals were issued with two clasps. -From the Medals Year Book 1993, Token Publishing Ltd., Chris Buckland 1993. P59.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1996.58.1.

CGSM with Fenian Raid 1866 clasp.

Issued to Cpl. R. Thompson 55th Battalion, Megantic.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1996.59.1.

CGSM with Fenian Raid 1866 and Fenian Raid 1870 clasps.

CGSM with Fenian Raid 1866 and Fenian Raid 1870 clasps awarded to Gunner G. W. Jones, Montreal Garrison Artillery. The medal roll states he was present at the action of Trout Creek on 29 May 1870 when a party of Fenians were driven off. This is a very historically significant medal.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1996.60.1.

CGSM with Red River 1870 clasp.

CGSM with clasp Red River 1870 awarded to Colour Sergeant G.A. Dana, Brockville Rifle Company. The medal roll states he received the medal with clasps Fenian Raid 1866 and Fenian Raid 1870. At some point in time, the suspension and clasps on this medal have been changed. Dana does not appear on the medal roll for the Red River 1870 clasp. Note: The Red River Expedition consisted of 1,214 soldiers all ranks and only 502 medals with this clasp were awarded. This is a rare clasp.

For services related to the suppression of the Red River Rebellion.   8,606 clasps were awarded.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photos)

Accession No. 1996.61.1.

CGSM with three clasps – Fenian Raid 1866, Fenian Raid 1870 and Red River 1870.

This medal is unnamed and is one of several “specimen” medals that were made up using original medals and clasps.

‍

North West Canada Medal (1885)

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photos)

Accession No. 1996.63.1. Accession No. 1996.62.1. (Note: there is a wide variation in the ribbon colours and spacing on a number of these medals_

North West Canada Medal, Queen Victoria, 1884, with Saskatchewan clasp.

‍Issued to James Hutchinson R.C.

The North West Canada Medal is a British campaign medal issued to the soldiers, volunteers, and North-West Mounted Police (NWMP) personnel who participated in putting down the North-West Rebellion in 1885.The medal was established by the Canadian government in September 1885 after consultation between the governor general of Canada and the British secretary of state for the colonies.

The medal was awarded to those who took part in the suppression of the North-West Rebellion of 1885 and who served west of Port Arthur, Ontario. Recipients included a number of volunteers, including the crew of the steamer Northcote for service at the Battle of Batoche, and members of the Prince Albert Volunteers for service at the Battle of Duck Lake. Initially, members of the NWMP were not eligible. However, a Canadian order in council of 13 December 1886 recommended that the NWMP receive the medal, this being accepted by the British government on 16 February 1887. A total of 920 medals were then awarded to the NWMP. No British Army units took part, although seventeen British Army officers were attached to Canadian units. All those who received the medal, except for members of the NWMP, also received a grant of 320 acres (130 ha) of land, or scrip of $80 in lieu.

During the 1930s, surviving NWMP recipients were each granted $300. The medal is a circular, silver and 36 millimetres (1.4 in) in diameter. The obverse, designed by Leonard Charles Wyon, bears an effigy of Queen Victoria, facing left and wearing a diadem and veil. Around the edge is the inscription "VICTORIA REGINA ET IMPERATRIX". The reverse, designed by Thomas Brock, has the inscription "NORTH WEST 1885 CANADA" in three lines surrounded by a wreath of maple leaves. The medal is suspended from a ribbon in slate grey 32 millimetres (1.3 in) wide, with crimson 6 millimetres (0.24 in) stripes, 3 millimetres (0.12 in) from each edge. The clasp "SASKATCHEWAN" was awarded to those present at any of the four main encounters during the rebellion; Fish Creek, Batoche, Cut Knife, and Frenchman's Butte.[6] Approximately 1,760 medals were awarded with the clasp.[4] A number of veterans of the Battle of Batoche added an unofficial "BATOCHE" clasp to their medal. Medals were issued unnamed, although many recipients had their name and unit engraved on the rim.

1996.62.1.

North West Canada Medal (no clasp).

Issued to Cpl. S. Tomlin H.G.A. (Co 2HPB).

‍

Queen's South Africa Medal (1900-1902)

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photos)

Accession No. 1986.19.53.  

Queen's South Africa Medal, Queen Victoria, 1900, with Johannesburg, Orange Free State, and Cape Colony clasps.

The Queen's South Africa Medal is a British campaign medal awarded to British and Colonial military personnel, and to civilians employed in an official capacity, who served in the Second Boer War in South Africa. Altogether twenty-six clasps were awarded, to indicate participation in particular actions and campaigns.  

The Queen's South Africa Medal was instituted by Queen Victoria in 1900, for award to military personnel and civilian officials who served in South Africa during the Second Boer War from 11 October 1899 to 31 May 1902. Those who qualified for the medal included members of the British Army, Royal Navy, hospital nurses[2] colonial forces from Australia, Canada, New Zealand, India, as well as locally raised units from the Cape of Good Hope, the Natal and "hensoppers" (collaborators, literally "hands-uppers") from the South African Republic and Orange Free State, civilians employed in an official capacity, war correspondents, and non-enlisted men of whatever nationality who drew military pay. 

Approximately 178,000 medals were awarded. This medal has three clasps:

JOHANNESBURG (29 May 1900). Awarded to troops north of an east–west line drawn through Klip River Station (exclusive) and east of a north–south line drawn through Krugersdorp Station (inclusive) in the South African Republic.

ORANGE FREE STATE (28 February 1900 – 31 May 1902). For service in the Orange Free State where no clasp for a specific action in the Orange Free State had been received.

CAPE COLONY (11 October 1899 – 31 May 1902). For service in the Cape of Good Hope where no clasp for a specific action in the Cape had been received.

The Queen's South Africa Medal is a silver or bronze disk, 38 millimetres (1.5 inches) in diameter. The bronze medal was awarded to non-combatant Indian troops and other non-combatant men of whatever nationality who drew military pay, although some silver medals were awarded to native troops. The suspender is attached to the medal with a claw mount and a pin through the upper edge of the medal. The obverse shows a crowned and veiled effigy of Queen Victoria, facing left, with the legend "VICTORIA REGINA ET IMPERATRIX" around the upper perimeter. The reverse, designed by G. W. de Saulles, shows Britannia holding the Union Flag in her left hand and a laurel wreath in her right hand. In the right background are troops marching inland from the coast. In the left background are two men-of-war, with Neptune's Trident and Britannia's shield on the ground in the foreground. Around the top perimeter are the words "SOUTH AFRICA".The recipient's name and details were impressed on the rim of the medal, with some officer's medals engraved.  The ribbon is 32 millimetres wide, with a 7 millimetres wide red band and a 4 millimetres wide dark blue band, repeated in reverse order and separated by a 10 millimetres wide orange band.

‍

King's South Africa Medal (1902)

‍
(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1986.19.50.

King's South Africa Medal, King Edward VII, 1902, with South Africa 1901 and 1902 clasps,

The King's South Africa Medal is a British campaign medal awarded to all British and Colonial military personnel who served in the Second Boer War in South Africa, and who were in the theatre on or after 1 January 1902 and who had completed 18 months service in the conflict prior to 1 June 1902.The fourth campaign medal relating to the Second Boer War, and the second which could be awarded for service in South Africa, the King's South Africa Medal was instituted in 1902 and was the first British campaign medal to be instituted by King Edward VII. Recipients had to have served in the theatre of war between 1 January 1902 and 31 May 1902 and completed 18 months service in the conflict, not necessarily continuous, prior to 1 June 1902.The medal was never awarded singly, but was always paired with the Queen's South Africa Medal.

The King's South Africa Medal was awarded only to those troops on active service during 1902, and who had served for at least 18 months by the end of the war on 31 May 1902. This service did not have to be continuous. For example, men who were invalided out of South Africa prior to January 1902 but who returned and served any time between January 1902 and May 1902 received the medal, provided they had completed the 18 months aggregate qualifying service. Two clasps were awarded: "SOUTH AFRICA 1901" – For service in South Africa between 1 January 1901 and 31 December 1901."SOUTH AFRICA 1902" – For service in South Africa between 1 January 1902 and 31 May 1902.While the qualifying criteria meant that most King's South Africa Medals were awarded with both clasps, there were exceptions. Those who served in South Africa but left in 1900, for example due to wounds, and who returned in 1902 would receive the medal with the 1902 clasp only, providing they had completed a total of eighteen months service. Nursing sisters qualified for the medal, but not the clasps, being the only recipients to receive the medal without a clasp. Those who qualified for the 1901 and 1902 clasps, but not for the King's South Africa Medal, received the clasps with the Queen's South Africa Medal.

‍

India General Service Medal (1902-1910)

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1996.19.1.

India General Service Medal, King Edward VII, 1909, with Northwest Frontier 1908 clasp.

Issued to: 1179 Pte T.G. Boleb 1st Bn. N. Fusiliers.

The India General Service Medal (1908-1935) was sanctioned by King Edward VII, King of England, by Army Order on January 1st, 1909. The Medal is awarded to Officers and men of British and Indian armies in recognition of service in minor campaigns and operations in India before and after the First World War. Up until 1919, Silver Medals were issued to combatants while native bearers and servants received Bronze Medals. Following 1919, all awards were issued in Silver.Each campaign was represented by a clasp, and the Medal was never issued without a clasp. There were 12 possible clasps authorized for wear with the India General Service Medal (1908-1935). 1. "NORTH WEST FRONTIER 1908"2. "ABOR 1911-12"3. "AFGHANISTAN NWF 1919"4. "MAHSUD 1919-20"5. "WAZIRISTAN 1919-21"6. "MALABAR 1921-22"7. "WAZIRISTAN 1921-24"8. "WAZIRISTAN 1925"9. "NW FRONTIER 1930-31"10. "BURMA 1930-32"11. "MOHMAND 1933"12. "NW FRONTIER 1935".

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photos)

Accession No. 1996.20.1.

India General Service Medal, King George V version, 1909, with Northwest Frontier 1919 clasp.

‍Issued to 1332 DVR Fazal Din 83LT Corps. India General Service Medal George V 1st Type, Bar Afghanistan N.W.F. 1919.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1996.21.1.

India General Service Medal, King George V, 2nd version, 1909, with North West Frontier 1930-31 clasp.

Issued to: 58328 N.K. Mir Zaman 29 AT Coy.

The Indian General Service Medal (1909 IGSM) was a campaign medal approved on 1 January 1909, for issue to officers and men of the British and Indian armies. From 1919, it was also awarded to officers and men of the RAF. The 1909 IGSM was awarded for various minor military campaigns in India from 1908 to 1935. Each campaign was represented by a clasp on the ribbon; 12 were sanctioned. North West Frontier 1908, Abor 1911–12, Afghanistan NWF 1919, Mahsud 1919–20, Waziristan 1919–21, Malabar 1921–22, Waziristan 1921–24, Waziristan 1925, North West Frontier 1930–31, Burma 1930–32, Mohmand 1933, North West Frontier 1935.‍

The clasp "North West Frontier 1930-31" was awarded for service during the Red Shirt and Afridi Rebellions on the North-West Frontier of India between 23rd April 1930 and 22nd March 1931. While the Afridi uprising was a traditional Frontier tribal revolt, the Red Shirt Rebellion was essentially political in nature, inspired by the Indian Independence movement unfolding in the rest of British India. As such, it was a first for the Frontier.

The medal is 36 millimetres (1.4 in) in diameter. It was struck at both the Calcutta and London mints, for Indian and British forces respectively. For early campaigns it was awarded in silver to combatants and in bronze to native bearers and servants. From 1919 onwards all awards were in silver. The obverse shows the reigning monarch facing left with a suitable inscription. There are three versions. The obverse of the FRM example has an image of King George V, with a Latin inscription running around the edge. The reverse has an image of a large fort with the inscription "INDIA".  The medal has a large ribbon bar with the North West Frontier 1930-31 clasp. The ribbon is 32mm, green with a broad blue central stripe.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photos)

Accession No. 1996.52.1.

Army Long Service and Good Conduct Medal, King Edward VII, Canada, 1901.

Issued to 2241 Wt. Officer H. T. Brewer RCR.

This King Edward VII medal has the effigy of the King and is inscribed "EDWARDVS VII REX IMPERATOR" around the perimeter. The medal has a raised rim. The reverse is smooth with a raised rim and bears the inscriptions "CANADA" in a curved line at the top and "FOR LONG SERVICE AND GOOD CONDUCT" in four straight lines in the centre. The inscriptions are underlined by three dots between two spear blades at the bottom. The ribbon of the Canada medal is 32 millimetres wide and crimson, with a 4 millimetres wide light yellow band in the centre.

‍

Africa General Service Medal (1902-1956)

India General Service Medal (1908-1935)

Naval General Service Medal (1915-1962)

‍

India General Service Medal (1936-1939)

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1996.29.1.

India General Service Medal, King George VI, 1936, with North West Frontier 1936-37 clasp.

Issued to 35554 Driver Gulzar Khan 3 MTN BTY.

The Indian General Service Medal (1936 IGSM) was a campaign medal approved on 3 August 1938, for issue to officers and men of the British and Indian armies, and of the Royal Air Force. The 1936 IGSM was awarded for minor military campaigns on the North-West Frontier of India between 1936 and 1939. Each campaign covered by the medal was represented by a clasp on the ribbon; two were sanctioned, both relating to operations in Waziristan: North West Frontier 1936–37, North West Frontier 1937–39.The second clasp was only struck and distributed after the Second World War. Recipients of a Mention in Despatches were entitled to wear an oak leaf emblem on the ribbon.

Following the grant of Indian Independence in 1947 the medal became obsolete, although it could still to be worn in uniform by British, Indian and Pakistani servicemen. The medal is silver, 36 millimetres (1.4 in) in diameter, and has the following design: The obverse shows the crowned head of King George VI facing left with the inscription 'GEORGIVS VI D: G: OMN; REX ET INDIAE IMP:'. The reverse depicts a side view of a tiger standing astride a mountain range with the word 'INDIA' above. The 32 mm (1.3 in) wide ribbon is grey flanked by narrow red stripes, with broad green stripes at the edges. The medals were impressed on the edge with the name and details of the recipient.

General Service Medal - Army and Air Force (1918-1962)

General Service Medal (1962- )

‍

Territorial Force Efficiency Medal (1908-1921)

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photos)

Accession No. 1996.13.1.

Territorial Force Efficiency Medal, King Edward VII version, 1908.

‍Issued to 6857 Pte. A. Edwards 5 London Regt.

The Territorial Force Efficiency Medal was a United Kingdom award for long service in the Territorial Force between 1908 and 1921. Established in 1908, the medal superseded the Volunteer Long Service Medal and the Imperial Yeomanry Long Service Medal when the Territorial Force was formed on 1 April 1908. This followed the enactment of the Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907, (7 Edw.7, c.9) which instigated a major re-organisation of the old Volunteer Force and the remaining units of Militia and Yeomanry. The Militia were transferred to the Special Reserve rather than the Territorial Force, and were therefore eligible for the Special Reserve Long Service and Good Conduct Medal.

The Territorial Force Efficiency Medal was awarded to non-commissioned officers and men for a minimum of 12 years service in the Territorial Force, providing they attended 12 annual training camps.[4] Previous service in other part-time forces including the Volunteer Force could count, while war service counted double. Bars were awarded for further periods of 12 years. The equivalent award for commissioned officers was the Territorial Decoration. A recipient could wear both awards together, provided they completed the full periods of qualifying service for each. The Territorial Force Efficiency Medal is an oval silver medal, 38 millimetres (1.5 inches) high and 31 millimetres (1.2 inches) wide. The obverse depicts the bust of the reigning King in Field Marshall's uniform, facing left. Originally Edward VII was shown, with the legend, EDWARDVS VII REX IMPERATOR. In 1911 the image was changed to that of George V, the legend reading GEORGIVS V BRITT: OMN: REX ET IND: IMP: The reverse has a raised rim and bears the inscription "TERRITORIAL FORCE EFFICIENCY MEDAL" on four lines. The recipient's service number, rank, name, and unit were impressed on the edge of the medal. The medal hangs from a ring suspension, attached to the medal by a claw fixing. The 32 millimetres (1.26 inches) wide ribbon was originally plain dark green with a central yellow stripe, but in December 1919 was changed to plain dark green with yellow edge.

Mercantile Marine War Medal (1914-1918)

Territorial Force War Medal (1914-1919)

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photos)

Accession No. 2014.14.1.

German First World War Iron Cross, 2nd Class, 1914.

Emperor Wilhelm II reauthorized the Iron Cross on 5 August 1914, at the start of the First World War. The 1914 Iron Cross had three grades: Iron Cross, 2nd class, (Eisernes Kreuz 2. Klasse, or EKII)Iron Cross, 1st class, (Eisernes Kreuz 1. Klasse, or EKI)Grand Cross of the Iron Cross (Großkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes, often simply Großkreuz)The Iron Cross, 1st class, employed a pin or screw posts on the back of the medal, and was worn on the left side of the recipient's uniform. The Iron Cross 2nd Class ribbon was worn as a ribbon on the chest. The usual display of the 2nd Class version was as a ribbon through one of the button holes in the recipient's tunic.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection)

Accession No. 1992.12.26.  

German Iron Cross, "For Kultur", 1914.

In 1914, a variety of very crude anti-German propaganda versions of the Iron Cross were created by the Allies, and sold to raise money for the war effort and the relief of Belgian refugees. One was inscribed "FOR KULTUR" in raised letters, another "FOR BRUTALITY." Yet another showed the names of French and Belgian towns attacked or destroyed during the retreat from Mons on the ends of the upper arms of the cross; these included Rheims, Louvain and Amiens on one side, and Antwerp, Dinant and Ghent on the other, with the date 1914 on the lower arm, and a central W for Kaiser Wilhelm as on the original. Another commemorated the raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby, showing the names of these "war atrocities" on the arms of the cross. The FRM example is heavily corroded.

‍

1939-1945 Star

(Canadian War Museum Photo)
Accession No. 1992.13.1.  

The 1939-1945 Star.

This is a Campaign Star instituted by Great Britain in 1943 and authorised in Canada on 16 August 1946. It was awarded for operational service during the Second World War and the one star that covers service for the duration of the war. A recipient in the army, navy, and merchant marine had to have served 180 days afloat or on land in an operational area. For air crew and airborne soldiers, it was 60 days. The recipient of a gallantry award or mentioned-in-despatches was awarded this star regardless of time served and those who were killed, disabled or captured prior to the required time criteria were also eligible. The 1939-1945 Star awarded to 305,000 Canadians was produced at the Royal Canadian Mint in Ottawa. Two bars have authorised for the 1939-1945 Star and they are:

Battle of Britain: The bar was awarded to the air crews of fighter aircraft that participated in the Battle of Britain from 10 July to 31 October 1940.

Bomber Command: This bar was authorised in 2012 and eligible veterans who served in any rank or role with Bomber Command for one day between 3 September 1939 and 8 May 1945. Canadian Bomber Command veterans do not receive this bar for the 1939-1945 Star because they wear the Bomber Command bar authorised for the Canadian Volunteer Service Medal.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photo)

Accession No. 1996.33.1

1939-45 Star, Italy Star, Defence Medal, Canadian Volunteer Service Medal with Overseas clasp, War Medal 1939-45, Canadian Forces Decoration. Acting Brigadier-General A.C. Ross. Medals are mounted on a metal bar with a single long pi

Atlantic Star

Air Crew Europe Star

Africa Star

Pacific Star

Burma Star

Italy Star

(Wikipedia Photo)

1939-45 Star, Italy Star.

The Italy Star is a Second World War medal. The star was awarded for one day operational service in Sicily or Italy between 11 June 1943 and 08 May 1945.The six–pointed star is yellow copper zinc alloy. The obverse has a central design of the Royal and Imperial cypher, surmounted by a crown. The cypher is surrounded by a circlet containing the words ‘The Italy Star’. The ribbon consists of equal stripes of red, white, green, white, and red. The colours represent the colours of the Italian flag.

A bronze oak leaf emblem is worn on the ribbon to signify a mention in despatches, a King's Commendation for Brave Conduct, or a King's Commendation for Valuable Service in the Air.

Accession No. 2013.10.15.

‍

War Medal, King George VI, 1939-1945.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection)

Accession No. 1986.19.58.

Medal ribbon bar.  Defence Medal, Canadian Volunteer Service Medal with Overseas clasp, War Medal 1939-45, Canadian Forces Decoration.

‍

France and Germany Star

(Wikipedia Photo)

The France and Germany Star is a Second World War medal. The star was awarded for one day or more of service in France, Belgium, Holland or Germany between 06 June 1944 (D-Day) and 08 May 1945.The six–pointed star is yellow copper zinc alloy. The obverse has a central design of the Royal and Imperial cypher, surmounted by a crown. The cypher is surrounded by a circlet containing the words ‘The France and Germany Star’. The ribbon consists of equal stripes of blue, white, red, white, and blue. The colours represent the Union flag and those of France and the Netherlands but not of Belgium.  If later entitled to the Atlantic star, the ATLANTIC bar would be worn. The Aircrew Europe Bar is not issued with this star because one could not qualify for that star after 05 June 1944. Regulations only allow one bar to be worn with the Star. When the ribbon is worn alone, a silver rosette ribbon emblem is worn to denote the award of a bar to the medal.

Arctic Star

Defence Medal.

(Wikipedia Photo)

Defence Medal, 1939-1935.

The Defence Medal is a campaign medal instituted by the United Kingdom in May 1945, to be awarded to citizens of the British Commonwealth for both non-operational military and certain types of civilian war service during the Second World War.

The Defence Medal was instituted on 16 August 1945 and awarded to British and Commonwealth forces that served in non-operational areas for varying amounts of time and the degree of enemy threat. Most Canadians serving in Europe received this medal because they were stationed in Great Britain and met the eligibility criteria of six months service in an overseas non-operational area that was subject to bombing and enemy attack. Canadian forces that had served in Hong Kong also received the Defence Medal. Participation in mine or bomb disposal required only three months service. The medal was also awarded for one year’s service in an overseas non-operational area not subject to bombing or closely threatened by enemy attack so Canadians who had served in Newfoundland for the required time were awarded the medal. For British citizens resident in Great Britain the service criteria were three years because it was not considered overseas, but still subject to bombing and enemy attack. The Defence Medal awarded to 325,000 Canadians was produced at the Royal Canadian Mint, Ottawa, and was made of .800 silver.

‍

Canadian Volunteer Service Medal.

(Wikipedia Photos)

Accession No. 2013.10.12. ‍

Canadian Volunteer Service Medal, with Overseas clasp, 1943.

The Canadian Volunteer Service Medal (CVSM) was established on 22 October 1943.The CVSM is granted to persons of any rank in the Naval, Military or Air Forces of Canada who voluntarily served on Active Service and honourably completed eighteen months total voluntary service from 3 September 1939 to 1 March 1947.On 6 June 2003, eligibility to the CVSM was extended to members and reserve constables of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police who voluntarily served during the Second World War. A circular, silver medal, 1.42 inches in diameter. The medal is linked to a straight suspender by a small ring passing through a small fixed ring at the top of the medal. On the obverse of the medal, seven marching figures are depicted, representing men and women of the Army, Air Force, Navy and Nursing service; and around the rim, the inscription 1939 CANADA 1945 VOLUNTARY SERVICE VOLONTAIRE. The reverse shows the coat of arms of Canada. The ribbon is 1.25 inches wide with a royal blue centre flanked by two equal stripes of scarlet and dark green. The ribbon was issued during the war; the medal after the war.A silver bar (often called a clasp), a maple leaf at its centre, was awarded for 60 days service outside Canada. A silver maple leaf is worn on the ribbon in undress. The Hong Kong Bar is awarded to those involved in the Battle of Hong Kong during the period 8 – 25 December 1941. The bar is worn on the CVSM ribbon. The Bomber Command Bar is awarded to Canadian Veterans who, regardless of rank or role, served a minimum of one day with Bomber Command between 3 September 1939, and 8 May 1945 (Victory in Europe Day). Recognizing that the successes of Bomber Command started on the ground and finished in the air over Fortress Europe, all Canadian Bomber Command Veterans who earned the CVSM, regardless of rank or role, are eligible for the honour. The Dieppe Bar is awarded to those who participated in the Dieppe Raid on 19 August 1942, and is worn on the CVSM ribbon. A silver bar, to be attached to the ribbon of the CVSM has been designed featuring the word DIEPPE in raised letters on a pebbled background. Above this, the bar bears an anchor surmounted by an eagle and a Thompson sub-machine gun. The design was created in consultation with the Dieppe Veterans and Prisoners of War Association.

Newfoundland Second World War Volunteer Service Medal

(Wikipedia Photos)

Newfoundland Volunteer Service Medal (1939-1945)

This is a Second World War medal. The medal was created on 14 July 1981 for service between 3 September 1939 and 2 September 1945.The government of Newfoundland and Labrador shall award a medal to every person: who volunteered and served in units or organizations raised or maintained as the contribution of the Dominion of Newfoundland to the allied war effort, namely, the British Imperial Forces, the Newfoundland Overseas Forestry Unit, the Merchant Navy and the Newfoundland Regiment, or, a unit or organization prescribed by the Lieutenant Governor in Council; and who is ineligible for or has not received a volunteer war service medal from another country.

It is a circular bronze medal 1.42 inches in width. Mounting includes a single claw with a single-curl mount.The obverse has the legend NEWFOUNDLAND VOLUNTEER SERVICE MEDAL 1939-45 around the edge. Filling the centre is a large GVIR surmounted by a Royal Crown and a Newfoundland Caribou.The reverse depicts Britannia standing with a spear in her right hand and the sun's rays behind her. Two lions encircle each side with their heads towards the bottom.The ribbon is 1.42 inches wide and consists of seven coloured stripes: red, white, blue, maroon centre stripe, blue, white, and red.(Not in the FRM)

War Medal (1939-1945)

(Wikipedia Photo)
Accession No. 1992.13.2.  

War Medal, King George VI, 1939-1945.

The War Medal 1939-1945 was awarded to all full-time personnel of the Armed Forces and Merchant Marines for serving for 28 days between 03 September 1939 and 02 September 1945. In the Merchant Navy, the 28 days must have been served at sea. A circular, silver medal, 1.42 inches in diameter. The British issue medals were made of cupro-nickel. A plain, straight non-swiveling suspender with a single-toed claw. The award was established on 16 August 1945.The ribbon is 1.25 inches wide and consists of seven coloured stripes: red, dark blue, white, narrow red, white, dark blue, and red.

The obverse shows the crowned coinage effigy of King George VI, facing left, and the legend GEORGIVS VI D : BR : OMN : REX ET INDIAE IMP :The reverse shows a lion standing on the body of a double-headed dragon. The dragon’s heads are those of an eagle and a dragon to signify the principal occidental and oriental enemies. At the top, right of centre are the dates 1939/1945 in two lines.A single oak leaf emblem is worn to signify a Mention-in-Despatches and the silver oak leaf signifying a King's Commendation for Brave Conduct is worn on this medal. There is no bar other than these emblems.

‍

Korea Medal

Canadian Volunteer Service Medal for Korea (1950-1953)

(Wikipedia Photo)

The Canadian Korea Medal was instituted in 1951, for service from 02 July 1950 to 27 July 1953.The Canadian Korea medal is awarded to Canadian military personnel for one day on the strength of an army unit in Korea; or 28 days afloat; or one sortie over Korea by a member of the RCAF, 02 July 1950 - 27 July 1953.A circular silver medal, 1.42 inches wide. The British medal is made of cupronickel and does not have the word CANADA at the bottom of the obverse. There is no bar. A bronze oak leaf emblem is worn on the ribbon by those mentioned-in-despatches(MID). The Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) received 33 MIDs and the Canadian Army 248 MIDs. For mounting, there is a single-toed scroll claw is attached to a plain, straight suspender.The obverse shows an uncrowned coinage head of Queen Elizabeth II, facing right, with the legend ELIZABETH II DEI GRATIA REGINA around the edge and the word CANADA at the bottom.The reverse shows a hydra-headed monster of mythology being destroyed by Hercules with the word KOREA at the bottom.The ribbon, 1.25 inches wide, consists of five equal stripes: yellow, blue, yellow, blue, and yellow.

Sacrifice Medal

Gulf and Kuwait Medal

Somalia Medal

South-West Asia Service Medal

General Campaign Star

This general service award has been created as a means to recognize - in a timelier manner - those who serve in operations in the presence of an armed enemy. Rather than creating a new honour for each new Canadian Armed Forces operation as it arises, the General Campaign Star and General Service Medal - with their theatre or service specific ribbons - can be awarded in future to honour participation in any operation that meets the criteria.

The General Campaign Star is awarded to members of the Canadian Armed Forces and members of allied forces working with the Canadian Armed Forces who deploy into a defined theatre of operations to take part in operations in the presence of an armed enemy. (Not in the FRM)

General Service Medal

Special Service Medal (SSM)

(Wikipedia Photo)

The Special Service Medal (SSM) was created to recognize members of the Canadian Forces (CF) who are taking part in activities and operations under exceptional circumstances.

United Nations medals

International commission and organization medals

Polar medals

Queen Victoria Police Jubilee Medal (1887)

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1996.64.1.

Queen Victoria Police Jubilee Medal, 1887, with 1897 clasp.

‍Issued to P.C. J. Hawre, 2nd Div.

The Police Golden Jubilee Medal was sanctioned by Queen Victoria in 1887 as an award to all members of the Metropolitan and City of London Police on duty in London during the official Golden Jubilee celebrations, including the Jubilee procession on 21 June 1887.

Ten years later, the Police Diamond Jubilee Medal was awarded for duty at the principal Diamond Jubilee events on the same basis as the 1887 medal, eligibility having been widened to include firemen and members of ambulance units. Those in possession of the earlier Golden Jubilee Police Medal who again qualified, received a dated clasp to be fixed to their existing medal.

King Edward VII Police Coronation Medal (1902)

‍

(Wikipedia Photos)

Accession No. 1996.65.1

King Edward VII Police Coronation Medal, 1902.

This medal was sanctioned in 1902 as an award to policeman, firemen and members of ambulance units on duty during the official celebrations of the Coronation of King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra on 9 August 1902.

This medal continued the practice of awarding a special medal to police and support services on duty during major royal celebrations established with Queen Victoria's Golden and Diamond Jubilee Police Medals. It was presented in silver or bronze, according to rank, with the silver medal awarded to superintendents and above in the police and fire brigade. A total of 67 silver and 19,885 bronze medals were awarded. The reverse indicates the service in which the recipient served, there being five types: Metropolitan Police: 51 silver, 16,709 bronze medals. City of London Police: 5 silver, 1,060 bronze medals. L.C.C. M.F.B. (London County Council Metropolitan Fire Brigade): 10 silver, and 1,000 bronze medals. St John Ambulance Brigade: 912 bronze medals. Police Ambulance Service: 1 silver, 204 bronze medals.

The medal, 1.4 inches (36 mm) in diameter, was designed by George William de Saulles.  Obverse: A crowned and robed left-facing bust of King Edward VII with the inscription EDWARDVS VII REX IMPERATOR:. Reverse: The Imperial Crown resting on sprigs of oak and laurel below the inscription CORONATION OF HIS MAJESTY KING EDWARD VII 1902 with the name of the service in which the recipient served above. Ribbon: 1.25 inches (32 mm) wide. Red with a narrow central blue stripe.The recipient's rank, name and division were engraved on the edge of the medal. The medal was worn in date order with other Royal commemorative medals. These were worn before campaign medals until November 1918, after which the order of wear was changed, with such medals now worn after campaign medals and before long service awards.

King George V Police Coronation Medal (1911)

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1996.66.1.

King George V Police Coronation Medal, 1911.

The Police Coronation Medal was sanctioned in 1911 as an award to policemen, members of ambulance units, firemen and Royal Parks' staff on duty during the official celebrations of the coronation of King George V that took place during 1911.

(Wikipedia Photo)

Accession No. 1996.67.1

King George V Coronation Medal, 1911.

Commemorative medal instituted in 1911 to celebrate the coronation of King George V, that took place on 22 June 1911.

‍

King George VI Silver Jubilee Medal (1935)

King George VI Coronation Medal (1937)

Queen Elizabeth's Coronation Medal (1953)

Canadian Centennial Medal (1967)

Queen Elizabeth II Silver Jubilee Medal (1977)

125^th Anniversary of the Confederation of Canada Medal (1992)

Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal (2002)

Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal (2012)

Army Long Service and Good Conduct Medal

‍

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photos)

Accession No. 1996.51.1.  

Army Long Service and Good Conduct Medal, Queen Victoria version, 1874.

Issued to: 1768 George Fitzgerald Royal Canadian Rifles.

The Army Long Service and Good Conduct Medal was instituted by King William IV in 1830. The medal remained in use for 100 years, until it was replaced by the Medal for Long Service and Good Conduct (Military) in 1930. During that time the reverse of the medal remained virtually unchanged, while the design of the obverse was altered during the reigns of Queen Victoria, King Edward VII and King George V. The medal was initially awarded to soldiers in the ranks of the Regular Force who had completed 21 years of service in the infantry or 24 years in the cavalry. From 1870 the qualifying period was reduced and the medal was awarded to Regular Force non-commissioned officers and men who had completed eighteen years of irreproachable service, irrespective whether the service was in the infantry or the cavalry.

A recipient who was subsequently awarded the Meritorious Service Medal had to stop wearing the Army Long Service and Good Conduct Medal. The medal was struck in silver and is a disk, 36 millimetres (1.42 inches) in diameter and 3 millimetres (0.12 inches) thick. Apart from the different obverse designs that came into use with each successive monarch, the suspension of the medal evolved over the years from a small or large ring to a plain curved bar suspender, and eventually an ornamented scroll pattern suspender that was initially a swivelling type and finally a fixed non-swivelling type. The reverse of all versions of the medal is smooth with a raised rim and bears the inscription "FOR LONG SERVICE AND GOOD CONDUCT" in four straight lines in the centre. The inscription is underlined by two spear blades, which evolved from three tied balls between the two blades on early versions of the medal to three separate balls between the blades on later versions.

The ribbon was plain crimson from the medal's institution until 1916, initially 1 inch (25 millimetres) wide for the early small ring suspender medals and thereafter 1+1⁄4 inches (32 millimetres) wide for the subsequent medals with a large ring or bar suspenders. The same plain crimson ribbon was used with the Victoria Cross, but with a miniature button emblem of the Cross worn on the ribbon bar in undress. From June 1916 a new ribbon was used, at times crimson or sometimes reddish violet, and edged with 3 millimetres wide white bands. In 1837, upon the coronation of Queen Victoria, the personal union of the United Kingdom and Hanover ended as a result of differing succession laws. In terms of Salic Law, Hanover could only be inherited by a male heir, with the result that Hanover's throne was inherited by Victoria's uncle Ernest Augustus, younger brother of King William IV. On the Queen Victoria version of the medal, the House of Hanover Shield was therefore removed from the central shield on the obverse. The same Victorian obverse design was also used for the original version of the Distinguished Conduct Medal that was instituted in 1854.The reverse remained unaltered, while the suspender was still either a large ring or a rectangular wire bar, attached to the medal with an apparently silver clip. The Victoria version of the medal was awarded up to the Army Order of July 1902, post-dating her death.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photos)

Accession No. 1996.2.1.  

Army Long Service and Good Conduct Medal, Queen Victoria version, 1874. ‍

Issued to W.H. Williams July 1847.

The Army Long Service and Good Conduct Medal. From 1874 a fourth version of the Victoria medal appeared, with smaller lettering on the reverse and with the underline to the inscription now two spear blades separated by three separate balls. The medal also had a redesigned and more elaborate scroll suspender.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1996.4.1.

Army Long Service and Good Conduct Medal, King Edward VII version, 1901.

After the death of Queen Victoria, the obverse of the Army Long Service and Good Conduct Medal was changed to an effigy of the ruling monarch. The obverse of the Edward VII version, instituted in 1901, shows the King in Field Marshal's uniform, facing left, and is inscribed "EDWARDVS VII REX IMPERATOR" around the perimeter. The reverse of the medal remained unchanged, but the swivelling scroll suspender on this and subsequent versions was affixed to the medal by means of a single-toe claw and a horizontal pin through the upper edge of the medal.  The Edward VII version of the medal was awarded up to the Army Order of April 1911, post-dating his death.

‍

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photos)

Accession No. 1986.19.54.

Medal For Long Service and Good Conduct, King George V version 1930.

The Medal for Long Service and Good Conduct (Military) is a medal awarded to regular members of the armed forces. It was instituted by King George V in 1930 and replaced the Army Long Service and Good Conduct Medal as well as the Permanent Forces of the Empire Beyond the Seas Medal. The medal was originally awarded to Regular Army warrant officers, non-commissioned officers and men of the UK Armed Forces. It also had a number of territorial versions for the Permanent Forces of the British Dominions. The eligibility criteria were relaxed in 1947 to also allow the award of the medal to officers who had served a minimum period in the ranks before being commissioned. The medal was struck in silver and is a disk, 36 millimetres (1.42 inches) in diameter.

In 1916 a new ribbon began to be used for the medal, as published in Army Order 183 of June 1916, to distinguish it from the ribbon of the Victoria Cross. It was still crimson, but edged with 3 millimetres wide white bands. In 1920 the swivelling scroll suspender was altered to a fixed non-swivelling type. The means of attachment to the medal remained a single-toe claw and a pin through the medal's upper edge.

The obverse of the medal shows the effigy of the reigning monarch. All versions of the medal have the same ornamented scroll pattern suspender, attached to the bottom of a bar inscribed "REGULAR ARMY" and affixed to the medal with a single-toe claw and a horizontal pin through the upper edge of the medal. The reverse of the medal remained unchanged through all versions of the obverse. It is smooth, with a raised rim, and bears the inscription "FOR LONG SERVICE AND GOOD CONDUCT" in four lines. The reverse of the bar is smooth and undecorated on all versions. The Clasp displays the image of the Army Crest. In undress uniform a silver rosette on the ribbon bar denotes the award of the clasp. The ribbon is identical to the one that was introduced for the Army Long Service and Good Conduct Medal in June 1916. It is 32 millimetres wide and crimson or sometimes reddish violet, edged with 3 millimetres wide white bands.

On 23 September 1930, 100 years after it had been instituted, the Army Long Service and Good Conduct Medal was replaced, along with the Permanent Forces of the Empire Beyond the Seas Medal, by the Medal for Long Service and Good Conduct (Military) as a single medal for the British Army and all regular and permanent military forces of the British Empire. This new medal once again had various territorial versions, but this time in the form of subsidiary titles inscribed on a bar attached to the suspender of the medal, rather than on the medal reverse.

‍

Naval Long Service and Good Conduct Medal

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photos)

Accession No. 1997.1.1.

Naval Long Service and Good Conduct Medal, 1848, Queen Victoria version.

This is a long service medal awarded to regular members of His Majesty's Naval Service. It was instituted by Queen Victoria to replace the Naval Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (1830), and could be awarded to other ranks and men serving in the Royal Navy and Royal Marines.

The new medal could still only be awarded to other ranks, ratings and marines, but from March 1981 it could also be awarded to officers who had completed at least twelve years of service in the ranks before being commissioned. When it was instituted in 1848, the medal could be awarded after 21 years of unblemished service. The qualifying period was reduced to ten years in 1874, and then increased again to fifteen years, as per Fleet Circular No 36L dated 21 November 1884.

The medal was struck in silver and is a disk, 36 millimetres (1.42 inches) in diameter, slightly larger than the earlier "anchor type" medal of 1830, which is 34 millimetres (1.34 inches) in diameter.

The obverse of the medal shows the effigy of the reigning monarch. Since the medal was instituted in 1848, seven obverse versions have been awarded, with two versions each during the reigns of Queen Victoria and King George V.

The reverse shows a starboard broadside view of HMS Victory, a three-masted ship of the line and Lord Nelson's flagship at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805. The ship is encircled by a rope tied with a reef knot at the foot and with the words "FOR LONG SERVICE AND GOOD CONDUCT" around the circumference between the rope and the raised rim. The first version of the medal has the effigy of Queen Victoria on the obverse and was designed by William Wyon, the chief engraver at the Royal Mint from 1828 until his death.

The reverse has the image of HMS Victory that would remain virtually unchanged through all subsequent versions of the medal. The details of the recipient were either engraved or, after 1877, impressed around the edge of the medal, showing his service number, rank and name and also the name of a Naval rating's ship or shore establishment, or a Marine's division.

‍

Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal

RCMP Long Service Medal

Volunteer Officer’s Decoration (VD)

Volunteer Long Service Medal

(Wikipedia Photo)
Accession No. 1996.11.1.  

Volunteer Long Service Medal, Queen Victoria version, 1894-1908.

The Volunteer Long Service Medal was instituted in 1894 as an award for long service by other ranks and some officers of the United Kingdom's Volunteer Force. The Volunteer Long Service Medal was struck in silver and is a disc, 1.45 inches (37 millimetres) in diameter, with a raised rim on each side. It is suspended from a straight swivelling silver bar, affixed to the medal by means of a claw and a pin through the upper edge of the medal. The reverse shows a palm and laurel wreath that supports a scrolled banner bearing the inscription "FOR LONG SERVICE IN THE VOLUNTEER FORCE" in four lines. The medal's regular ribbon is plain dark green and 1+1⁄4 inches (32 millimetres) wide. More than 45,000 Volunteer Long Service Medals were awarded in the United Kingdom.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photos)

Accession No. 1996.12.1.

Volunteer Long Service Medal, King Edward VII version, 1901. ‍

Issued to 5258 C SJT. T. Hole I/VB Devon Regt.

The Volunteer Long Service Medal was instituted in 1894 as an award for long service by other ranks and some officers of the United Kingdom's Volunteer Force. Award of the medal was discontinued when it was superseded by the Territorial Force Efficiency Medal in 1908.The grant of the medal was extended in 1896 by the institution of a separate new medal, the Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies, that could be awarded to other ranks of all Volunteer Forces throughout the British Empire and India.

The qualifying period of service was twenty years and the medal could be awarded upon the recommendation by an individual's present or, if retired, former commanding officer. Service had to have been consecutive, with allowance being made for special circumstances. Officer recipients who were subsequently awarded the Volunteer Officers' Decoration would have to surrender the medal.

On 13 June 1896 the grant of the Volunteer Long Service Medal was extended by Queen Victoria to members of Volunteer Forces throughout the British Empire, defined as being India, the Dominion of Canada, the Crown Colonies and the British Protectorates. The King Edward VII version, introduced after his succession to the throne in 1901, displays his effigy in Field Marshal's uniform and is circumscribed "EDWARDVS VII REX IMPERATOR". This version's suspender is affixed to the medal by means of a single-toe claw.

‍

Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officer’s Decoration (VD)

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photos)

Accession No. 1991.18.6b.

Colonial Auxiliary Forces Medal, 1899. Issued to Captain and BT Major W.T. Howe, 71st Regiment.

The Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration, Queen Victoria version, post-nominal letters VD, was established by Queen Victoria's Royal Warrant on 18 May 1899. This decoration could be awarded to part-time commissioned officers in recognition of long and meritorious service in any of the organized military forces of the Dominion of Canada and the British Colonies, Dependencies and Protectorates, whether designated as militia or volunteers or otherwise.

The decoration is an oval skeletal design and was struck in silver, with parts of the obverse in silver-gilt. The oval is 1+7⁄16 inches (37 millimetres) high and 1+1⁄4 inches (32 millimetres) wide and is suspended by a thin silver wire suspension bar which is attached to a small ring at the top on the reverse. The obverse is an oval silver band, inscribed "COLONIAL AUXILIARY FORCES" and with the Royal Cypher of the reigning monarch in skeletal form and in silver-gilt in the centre. The oval is surmounted by a silver-gilt Imperial Crown.

Five versions of the decoration are known.  The centre of the decoration's original version of 1899 has the Royal Cypher "VRI" of Queen Victoria, for "Victoria Regina Imperatrix". The reverse is plain. The recipient's name was usually engraved at either the top on the back of the crown or around the circumference of the decoration. The ribbon, as described in the regulations accompanying the original Royal Warrant of Queen Victoria, is dark green and 1-1⁄4 inches (32 millimetres) wide, and suspended from a silver bar-brooch decorated with an oak leaf pattern.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1975.4.18.

Colonial Auxiliary Forces Medal, 1899.

Issued to Lieutenant-Colonel H.M. Campbell, 8th Regiment.

Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal, Queen Victoria version

(Wikipedia Photos)

Accession No. 1996.44.1.

Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal, Queen Victoria version, 1889.

Issued to Staff Sergeant J. A. Armstrong the CCFC.

The Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal was instituted by Queen Victoria in 1899 as a military long service award for part-time members of all ranks in any of the organized military forces of the British Colonies, Dependencies and Protectorates throughout the British Empire. The medal gradually superseded the Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies in all these territories, with the exception of the Isle of Man, Bermuda and the Indian Empire.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photos)

Accession No.

Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal, King Edward VII version, 1902.

This long service medal was for service between 04 February 1902 and 23 September 1931. This medal is superseded by the Canadian Efficiency Medal. This medal was given for 20 years of service (war years count double) to non-permanent active militia, Royal Naval Canadian Volunteer Reserve (RNCVR) and the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) Auxiliary. The ranks included Warrant Officers, Non-commissioned Officers (NCOs) and non-commissioned members. The dates were 04 February 1902 to 23 September 1931.A circular, silver medal, 1.42 inches in diameter. A plain, straight suspender with a single-toe claw, with double scroll claw supports on the rim, attaches to a straight, non-swiveling suspender.

On the obverse: King Edward VII: The king is seen in Field Marshal's uniform, facing left, and the legend: EDWARDVS VII REX IMPERATOR. The reverse shows an ornamental shield bearing the legend FOR / LONG SERVICE / IN THE / COLONIAL AUXILIARY / FORCES in five lines. Above the shield is the Imperial Crown with a spray of oak leaves to the left and a spray of laurel on the right. The dark green ribbon is 1.25 inches wide. The number of medals awarded to Canadians, by reign, was as follows: Queen Victoria - 1,350, King Edward VII - 750, King George V - 4,300. There are probably more that are not on the official rolls.

‍

(Wikipedia Photos)

Accession No. 1996.43.1.

Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal, King Edward VII version, 1901.

Issued to Capt. Gordon Frazer Carleton Light Infantry.

The King Edward VII version, introduced after his succession to the throne in 1901, displays his effigy in Field Marshal's uniform, facing left, circumscribed with the legend "EDWARDVS VII REX IMPERATOR".

Efficiency Decoration (ED)

Efficiency Medal

Naval Volunteer Reserve Decoration (VRD)

Naval Volunteer Reserve Long Service and Good Conduct Medal

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1997.9.1.

Long Service and Good Conduct Medal, Royal Naval Reserve, King Edward VII, 1908-1919.

Issued to D. 2759 F.G. Stokes, Seaman RNR.

This medal was initially designated the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve Long Service Medal, was instituted in 1908. It could be awarded to part-time ratings in the United Kingdom's Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve after twelve years of service and good conduct. The medal was a Naval version of the Volunteer Long Service Medal and its successor, the Territorial Force Efficiency Medal. The medal could also be awarded to part-time ratings in the Naval Volunteer Reserves of Dominion and Colonial Auxiliary Forces throughout the British Empire.

The award of the medal was discontinued in the United Kingdom in 1966, when the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve, composed of civilian volunteers, was merged with the Royal Naval Reserve, composed of Merchant Navy seamen. It was superseded by its identical sister medal, the Royal Naval Reserve Long Service and Good Conduct Medal.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1997.7.1.

Long Service and Good Conduct Medal, Royal Fleet Reserve, King George V, 1910.

Issued to: K 8224 (CH B5463) J. Dacre SPO RFR. Royal Fleet Reserve Long Service Medal.

Obverse: Bust of King George V in naval uniform, orders and medals (left). Legend: 'GEORGIVS V BRITT : OMN : REX ET IND: IMP'. Reverse: Starboard broadside view of the battle ship H.M.S. 'Dreadnought'. Legend: "DIUTERNE FIDELIS".

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1997.8.1.

Long Service and Good Conduct Medal, Royal Fleet Reserve, King George VI, 1937-1947.

Issued to J. 110312. PO D.652 W.J. Hopper L.S. RFR. Royal Fleet Reserve Long Service Medal KGVI.

Long Service and Good Conduct Medal, Royal Fleet Reserve, King George VI, 1937-47. Obverse: Head of King George VI (L). Legend: "GEORGIVS VI D:G,:BR: OMN:REX:F:D:IND:IMP". Reverse: Within a knotted rope starboard broadside view of a ship of the line at anchor. Legend: "FOR LONG SERVICE AND GOOD CONDUCT". Inscription on edge: "J. 7461 (C.H.B. 19233) C.L. WHITE P.P. R.F.R." Fitted with a ring and blue ribbon with a scarlet stripe on either side, edged with white.

1914 Star

1914-1915 Star

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1969.2823.1a.

1914-1915 Star. First World War.

Awarded to 9-1478 Pte J. McGuinness, Durham Light Infantry.

‍
(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1969.2822.2.

British War Medal, King George V, 1919. Awarded to Cpl P.Y. McLaggan.

The British War Medal is a campaign medal of the United Kingdom which was awarded to officers and men and women of British and Imperial forces for service in the First World War. Two versions of the medal were produced. About 6.5 million were struck in silver. The British War Medal was instituted on 26 July 1919 for award to those who had rendered service between 5 August 1914, the day following the British declaration of war against the German Empire, and the armistice of 11 November 1918, both dates inclusive.

The British War Medal was awarded to all officers and men of British and Imperial forces who had served for a prescribed period during any stage of the war, or who had died on active service before the completion of this period. Eligibility was subsequently extended to cover service in 1919 and 1920 in mine-clearing at sea as well as participation in operations in North and South Russia, the eastern Baltic region, Siberia, the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, during the allied intervention in the Russian Civil.

The medal, struck by the Royal Mint, is a silver or bronze disk, 36 millimetres (1.4 in) in diameter, with a straight clasp suspender without swivel. The obverse shows Sir Bertram Mackennal's bareheaded effigy of King George V facing left, with the legend "GEORGIVS V BRITT: OMN: REX ET IND: IMP:" (George V, King of all the British Isles and Emperor of India).The reverse, designed by William McMillan, shows Saint George naked on horseback and armed with a short sword, an allegory of the physical and mental strength which achieved victory over Prussianism. The horse tramples on the Prussian eagle shield and the emblems of death, a skull and cross-bones. In the background are ocean waves and just off-centre near the right upper rim is the risen sun of Victory. The years "1914" and "1918" appear on the perimeter in the left and right fields respectively. The recipient's name, rank, service number and unit are impressed on the bottom edge of the medal. On medals awarded to Army officers, with the exception of the Royal Artillery, the name of the regiment or corps was omitted.[13] No ship name is given for naval personnel, with the exception of medals to New Zealand personnel. The watered silk ribbon is 32 millimetres (1.25 in) wide, with a 3 millimetres wide royal blue band, a 2 millimetres wide black band and a 3 millimetres wide white band, repeated in reverse order and separated by a 16 millimetres wide orange band. The colours are not thought to have any particular symbolic significance.

1992.5.4.

British War Medal 1914-1918, King George V, awarded to 129709 Pte. H.B. Kelly 72-Can Infantry Corps.

1986.19.48.

British War Medal 1914-1918, King George V, awarded to 87255 DVR F. Heath Royal Artillery.

1992.13.3.

British War Medal 1914-1918, King George V.

1992.5.3.

British War Medal 1914-1918, King George V, awarded to 129709 Pte. H.B. Kelly 72-can INF.

2014.8.4.  

British War Medal 1914-1918, King George V.

1969.2823.1b.

British War Medal 1914-1918, King George V.

Awarded to 9-1478 Pte J. McGuinness, Durham Light Infantry.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1986.19.57. ‍

Victory Medal (Inter-Allied War Medal), 1914-1919.

This First World War medal was agreed to by all allies in March 1919. All medals were to be almost identical to obviate the need to exchange allied medals and each was patterned after a French medal of 1870. The medal was authorized in Britain (and for Canadians) on 01 September 1919.The medal was awarded to all ranks of the fighting forces, to civilians under contract, and others employed with military hospitals who actually served on the establishment of a unit in a theatre of war between 05 August 1914 and 11 November 1918 (inclusive). It was also awarded to members of the British Naval mission to Russia 1919 - 1920 and for mine clearance in the North Sea between 11 November 1918 and 30 November 1919. This medal was always issued with the British War Medal. A circular, copper medal, in lacquered bronze, with a size of 1.42 inches in diameter. For mounting purposes, there is a ring passing through a loop fixed to the top of the medal. The ring moves forwards and backwards but not sideways. The obverse shows the winged, full-length, full-front, figure of Victory, with her left arm extended and holding a palm branch in her right hand. The reverse shows the legend THE GREAT / WAR FOR / CIVILISATION / 1914 - 1919 in four lines, surrounded by a wreath, with dots below the words. The watered ribbon is 1.5 inches wide, and consists of nine coloured stripes: violet, blue, green, yellow, red yellow, green, blue, and violet. Only the Mentioned-in-Despatches multiple-leaved emblem is worn on this medal when it was awarded for WWI. There were no other bars. There were 351,289 medals awarded to the Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF) and a total of 5,725,000 issued. The recipient's name, number and rank are engraved on the rim for the first issue.

1969.2823.1c.

Victory Medal (Inter-Allied War Medal), 1914-1919.

Awarded to 9-1478 Pte J. McGuinness, Durham Light Infantry.

1986.19.56.

Victory Medal (Inter-Allied War Medal), 1914-1919. with ribbon ring but no ribbon.

Awarded to 87255 D.V.R.F. Heath R.A.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1969.2812.1a, 1969.2812.1b, 1969.2812.1c.

Three Medal set, 1914-15 Star, British War Medal, King George V, 1919, Victory Medal (Inter-Allied War Medal), 1914-1919.

Awarded to 69227 LCpl C.W. Darcus.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photos)

Accession No. 1969.2822.1.

British War Medal, King George V, 1919.Victory Medal (Inter-Allied War Medal), 1914-1919.

Issued to Cpl P.Y. McLaggan.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photo)

Accession No. 1986.19.47a-f.

Medal Bar with 6 medals awarded to William Thomas Walker (1900-1970), Mayor of Fredericton from 1957 to 1969.

1986.19.47a. British War Medal 1914-1918, King George V, 1986.19.47b. Canadian Volunteer Service Medal 1939-1945, 1986.19.47c. British War Medal 1939-1945, King George VI, 1986.19.47d. Efficiency Medal inscribed Capt. (P.M.R.) W.T. Walker, 1986.19.47e. Canadian Forces Decoration, Queen  Elizabeth II, 1986.19.47f, Canada Confederation Medal 1867-1967.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photos)

Accession No. 1986.19.46a-f.

Metal bar with a long silver pin, with 6 miniature medals mounted on the bar. 1986.19.46a. British War Medal 1914-1918, King George V, 1986.19.46b. Victory Medal, The Great War for Civilization 1914-1919. 1986.19.46c. Volunteer Service Medal- Canada 1939-1945, 1986.19.46d. War Medal 1939-1945, King George VI 1986.19.46e. Efficiency Medal, King George VI, 1986.19.46f. Queen Elizabeth II Service Medal.

‍
(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photos)

Accession No. 1997.11.1.  ‍

Royal Air Force Long Service Medal, King George VI, 1919.

Issued to: 363819 F/SGT L.L. James, RAF.

The Royal Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal is a medal awarded to regular members of the Royal Air Force in recognition of long service. It was instituted by King George V in 1919, the year following the establishment of the world's first independent air force. At first, the medal was awarded to Regular Force non-commissioned officers and airmen of the Royal Air Force. The award criteria were later relaxed to also allow the award of the medal to officers who had served a minimum period in the ranks before being commissioned.  Since 2016, it is awarded to all regular members of the RAF, including officers who had never served in the ranks.

(Wikipedia Photo)
Accession No. 2001.3.1.7.  

First World War New Hampshire State Service Medal, 1917-1919.  

Bronze medal with red, white and blue silk ribbon. The medal shows an eagle, an anchor and the Old Man in the Mountain on the front and reads NEW HAMPSHIRE AWARD FOR SERVICE IN WORLD WAR 1917-1919.  The reverse of the medal shows the State of New Hampshire seal and the insignia for all armed forces branches.

(Wikipedia Photos)
Accession No. 2001.3.1.5.

United States First World War Victory Medal, 1919.

This is a United States service medal designed by James Earle Fraser of New York City under the direction of the Commission of Fine Arts.

Award of a common allied service medal was recommended by an inter-allied committee in March 1919. Each allied nation would design a 'Victory Medal' for award to their military personnel, all issues having certain common features, including a winged figure of victory on the obverse and the same ribbon. The Victory Medal was awarded to military personnel for service between 6 April 6, 1917, and November 11, 1918, or with either of the following expeditions: American Expeditionary Forces in European Russia between 12 November 1918, and 5 August 1919.

American Expeditionary Forces Siberia between 23 November 1918, and 1 April 1920.The front of the bronze medal features a winged Victory holding a shield and sword on the front. The back of the bronze medal features "The Great War For Civilization" in all capital letters curved along the top of the medal. Curved along the bottom of the back of the medal are six stars, three on either side of the center column of seven staffs wrapped in a cord. The top of the staff has a round ball on top and is winged on the side. The staff is on top of a shield that says "U" on the left side of the staff and "S" on the right side of the staff. On left side of the staff it lists one World War I Allied country per line: France, Italy, Serbia, Japan, Montenegro, Russia, and Greece. On the right side of the staff the Allied country names read: Great Britain, Belgium, Brazil, Portugal, Rumania (spelled with a U instead of an O as it is spelled now), and China.
‍

(Wikipedia Photo)

Accession No. 2014.8.3.

First World War American Red Cross Foreign Service Medal. Small round medal on violet ribbon with metal bar all mounted on pin and supported on small piece of card. Medal front has violet outer ring and white center with red enamel cross in centre. Outer ring of medal bares words "Service American Red Cross". Small metal bar on ribbon has purple enamel and gold writing "Foreign Service". Ribbon is mounted on pin. First World War period gilded brass 'American Red Cross Medal with a Foreign Service enamel bar.

‍

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection

Accession No. 1996.40.1.

Canadian Efficiency Medal, King George V, 1931. ‍

Issued to BTY QMS P. Reid 57th Que BTY C.A.

This medal was superseded by the Canadian Forces Decoration and was awarded until 17 August 1942.This medal is awarded for 12 years of service to non-permanent active militia, Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) Auxiliary and reserve until 17 August 1942. Ranks receiving the medal included Warrant Officers, non-commissioned officers (NCOs) and non-commissioned members. The dates were 23 September 1931 for members joining before 01 September 1939.A silver oval medal, 1.5 inches by 1.25 inches. For mounting, a scroll with the word CANADA on it is superimposed on a horizontal bar attached to two large laurel leaves. The leaves are attached to the medal by a single-toe claw with a double scroll claw supports on the rim.

Obverse: King George V: A crowned effigy in robes, facing left, and the legend: GEORGIVS · V · D · G · BRITT · OMN REX · ET · INDIAE · IMP ·The reverse has the inscription FOR / EFFICIENT / SERVICE in three lines. The green ribbon 1.25 inches wide, with yellow edge stripes. A silver bar, with a crown etched in the centre was awarded for every six additional years. The rank, name, and service of the recipient appear on the rim. The number of medals awarded to Canadians, by reign, was as follows: King George V 1,600King George VI 10,600Queen Elizabeth II 450 including 3,200 first bars, 845 bars, 140 third bars, 18 fourth bars, and three fifth bars.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photos)

Accession No.

Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration (VD), King George V version, Canada.

‍

(Wikipedia Photos)
Accession No. 1996.5.1.  

British Army Long Service Medal, King George V first type, 1930.

Issued to 5955 SJT. W.J. Clapson, Duke of Cornwall Light Infantry

On 23 September 1930 the Medal for Long Service and Good Conduct (Military) was instituted by King George V as a single medal for the regular other ranks of the British Army and those of all Permanent Forces of the British Empire. The new medal, which replaced the Army Long Service and Good Conduct Medal as well as the Permanent Forces of the Empire Beyond the Seas Medal, once again had various territorial versions, this time in the form of subsidiary titles inscribed on a bar attached to the suspender of the medal rather than on the medal's reverse. These subsidiary titles were "Regular Army" on the bar of the medal for the British Army and the name of the dominion country on the bars of the medals for Australia, Canada, India and New Zealand. Apart from the bars, all but one of the medals were identical.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1996.68.1.

Silver Jubilee Medal, King George V, 1935. T

his medal was to mark the 25th year of the accession of King George V to the throne. This medal was awarded to the Royal Family, officers of state, officials and servants of the royal household, ministers, government officials, mayors, public servants, local government officials, members of the navy, army, air force and police in Britain, her colonies, and in Canada.

(Wikipedia Photo)
Accession No. 1996.69.1.  

King George VI Coronation Medal, 1937.

The coronation of King George VI took place on 12 May 1937, following the death of King George V on 20 January 1936 and the abdication of King Edward VIII on 11 December 1936.Distribution in Canada was as follows: Canadian Contingent to Coronation (351 officers and non-commissioned members); each surviving recipient of the Victoria Cross; District Officers Commanding and wives; military personnel received 1,284, including five women (three nurses); the staff of the Governor-General and their spouses; Honorary A.D.C's and spouses; Members of Cabinet and spouses; secretaries and members of staff of each minister; Privy Councillors in cabinet and spouses; Senators and spouses; Members of the House of Commons and spouses; Mayors of towns and cities over 1,000 population; warden of counties; judges; Dominion and Provincial Deputy Ministers; and Members of Provincial Legislatures and their spouses. It is a circular, silver medal, 1.25 inches in diameter. For mounting purposes, a ring is attached to a double-toed claw on the upper edge of the medal.

Featured on the obverse are the conjoined effigies of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth, crowned and robed, facing left. The rim is not raised on this medal and there is no legend. The Royal Cypher GRI appears on the reverse, surmounted by a large crown, with the inscription CROWNED / 12 May 1937 below the Royal Cypher in two lines. Around the rim of the medal is the inscription: GEORGE VI QVEEN ELIZABETH. The garter-blue ribbon is 1.25 inches wide with a narrow band comprised of three equal widths of white, red, and white, at each edge.1937 Coronation Medal.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1996.16.1.

Territorial Efficiency Medal, King George VI, 1930.

Issued to 3307995 Pte. G. Rae HLI.

The Efficiency Medal was instituted in 1930 for award to part-time warrant officers, non-commissioned officers and men after twelve years of efficient service on the active list of the Militia or the Territorial Army of the United Kingdom, or of the other Auxiliary Military Forces throughout the British Empire. At the same time a clasp was instituted for award to holders of the medal upon completion of further periods of six years of efficient service.

The medal was struck in silver and is oval, 39 millimetres (1.54 inches) high and 32 millimetres (1.26 inches) wide. The fixed suspender bar, a pair of laurel leaves, is affixed to the medal by means of a single-toe claw and a horizontal pin through the upper edge of the medal. The suspender is decorated on the obverse with a scroll-pattern bar, inscribed to indicate the military force in which the recipient was serving at the time of qualification for the award.

The first King George VI version was introduced after his succession to the throne in 1936 and has his effigy in coronation robes and wearing the Tudor Crown, facing left and circumscribed "GEORGIVS•VI•D•G•BR•OMN•REX•ET•INDIÆ•IMP•". The initials "PM" below the effigy are those of the designer of the obverse, sculptor Percy Metcalfe CVO RDI.[14][16][22]The second King George VI version was introduced after 1947, when his title "Emperor of India" was abandoned and reference to India was omitted from the medal inscription. The effigy on the obverse remained the same, but the circumscription was changed to "GEORGIVS VI DEI GRA BRITT: OMN: REX FID: DEF:" In the British Commonwealth, the Efficiency Medal was gradually superseded by national medals in some member countries, in Canada by the Canadian Forces Decoration in 1951.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1996.8.1.

Medal for Long Service and Good Conduct, Regular Army, the second King George VI version, 1949.

Issued to 3518082 Cpl. P Manlon, Manchester Regt.

The Medal for Long Service and Good Conduct (Military) is a medal awarded to regular members of the armed forces. It was instituted by King George V in 1930 and replaced the Army Long Service and Good Conduct Medal as well as the Permanent Forces of the Empire Beyond the Seas Medal. The medal was originally awarded to Regular Army warrant officers, non-commissioned officers and men of the UK Armed Forces. It also had a number of territorial versions for the Permanent Forces of the British Dominions. The eligibility criteria were relaxed in 1947 to also allow the award of the medal to officers who had served a minimum period in the ranks before being commissioned. Since 2016, the eligibility was widened to include officers who had never served in the ranks, and so the medal can now be awarded to all regular members of the British Armed Forces who meet the required length of service.

The Medal for Long Service and Good Conduct (Military) may be awarded to members of the UK Armed Forces who have completed eighteen (later fifteen) years of reckonable service. However, there were a number of offences which would normally preclude award of the medal and awards are only made after a thorough check of a soldier's service record. The award of the medal required the recommendation of the individual's commanding officer and it could therefore only be awarded to serving personnel. The medal was struck in silver and is a disk, 36 millimetres (1.42 inches) in diameter. The obverse of the medal shows the effigy of the reigning monarch. Two versions of the medal each were produced during the reigns of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth II. All versions of the medal have the same ornamented scroll pattern suspender, attached to the bottom of a bar inscribed "REGULAR ARMY" and affixed to the medal with a single-toe claw and a horizontal pin through the upper edge of the medal.

The reverse of the medal remained unchanged through all versions of the obverse. It is smooth, with a raised rim, and bears the inscription "FOR LONG SERVICE AND GOOD CONDUCT" in four lines. The reverse of the bar is smooth and undecorated on all versions. The Clasp displays the image of the Army Crest. In undress uniform a silver rosette on the ribbon bar denotes the award of the clasp. The ribbon is identical to the one that was introduced for the Army Long Service and Good Conduct Medal in June 1916. It is 32 millimetres wide and crimson or sometimes reddish violet, edged with 3 millimetres wide white bands.

A second King George VI version appeared in 1949 following the granting of independence to India, when the King's official title changed from "Monarch of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Commonwealth, and Emperor of India" to "Monarch of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Commonwealth, and Monarch of India". This version is inscribed "GEORGIVS VI DEI: GRA: BRITT: OMN: REX FID: DEF:" around the perimeter, reading from a cross at the eight o'clock position.

The duration of the Second World War in Europe was from 3 September 1939 to 8 May 1945, while in the Pacific Theatre it continued until 2 September 1945. The Defence Medal was instituted by the United Kingdom in May 1945, to be awarded to British military and civilian personnel for a range of services in the United Kingdom, and to Commonwealth and British Colonial personnel who served from or outside their home countries in a non-operational area or in an area subject to threat, such as attacks from the air.

Air Efficiency Award

(Wikipedia Photos)
Accession No. 1997.17.1.  

United Nations Service Medal for Korea 1950.

The United Nations Service Medal (Korea) was instituted 12 December 1950 for service from 27 June 1950 to 27 July 1954 and was earned for serving one day under United Nations' command in Korea or adjacent areas, including Japan and Okinawa. The medal could also be awarded for an aggregate of thirty days, which need not have been consecutive, spent on official visits of inspection to the qualifying area. The qualifying period was 27 June 1950 to 27 July 1954 (One year longer than in the case for the Canadian Medal for Korea).A circular medal, 1.375 inches across, made of bronze alloy. For mounting, a single-toed scroll claw is attached to a plain, straight suspender. The obverse has the emblem of the United Nations, which is the globe of the earth viewed from above the North Pole within a wreath of two olive branches. The reverse has the inscription in 5 lines: FOR SERVICE IN / DEFENCE OF THE / PRINCIPLES OF THE / CHARTER OF THE / UNITED NATIONS, or in 4 lines: POUR LA DEFENSE / DES PRINCIPES DE / LA CHARTE DES / NATIONS UNIES. The ribbon is 1.375 inches wide, and consists of 17 alternating stripes of blue and white, with blue on each edge. A permanent bar is attached to the mount with the word KOREA or COREE on it. The recipient's name is engraved on the rim with the regimental number.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 2015.17.8.

UN Medal for Korea, QE II Jubilee medal, CD with clasp awarded to Harold Wilkins. Harold was born on 28 March 1928 after the Wilkins family left Cardigan and moved to Nashwaaksis. In 1950 he joined the army and after training at Camp Borden, Ontario, he was stationed in Kingston as a cook with the Royal Canadian Army Service Corps (RCASC) from 1950-53. He served with the UN in Korea in 1953-54.

‍
(Wikipedia Photo)

Accession No. 2008.1.195.  

UN Forces in Cyprus (UNFICYP), 1964.

In the interest of international peace and security, the Mission was established in March 1964 to use its best efforts to prevent the recurrence of fighting between the Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots and, as necessary, to contribute to the maintenance and restoration of law and order and a return to normal conditions. Since the hostilities of 1974, the mandate has included supervising the cease-fire and maintaining a buffer zone between the lines of the Cyprus National Guard and of the Turkish and Turkish Cypriot forces.

Awarded for 30 days service between 27 March 1964 and 27 March 1965. However, after 27 March 1965, 90 days consecutive service is required.A circular bronze alloy medal, 1.4 inches (35mm) in diameter. On the obverse, the representation of the UN symbol surmounted by the straight letters UN, both in bas-relief. On the reverse, an inscription bearing the words, "IN THE SERVICE OF PEACE" in English (and only in English). A 0.5 inch (12mm) bronze ring, which holds the ribbon, passes through a small hollow ball at the top of a claw joined to the top of the medal. The ribbon has three equal bars, one of white in the centre and two of UN blue at either end. The bars are separated by two narrow bands of dark blue symbolizing the Mediterranean Sea.

1997.24.1.  United Nations Service Medal.

‍

(Wikipedia Photo)
Accession No. 1997.27.1.  

United Nations Emergency Force Medal, 1958.

The UNEF medal is a service medal of the United Nations for service in the United Nations Emergency Force between 7 November 1956 and 19 May 1967.UN Medal, UNEF 1958.

In July 1956, Egypt nationalized the Suez Canal Company over the protest of France and the United Kingdom. On 13 October, the Security Council adopted a resolution setting forth certain principles for the operation of the Canal. Consultations on the implementation of those principles were under way when new hostilities broke out in the area.

On 29 October 1956, Israeli forces launched an attack on Egypt and occupied Sinai and the Gaza Strip. A few days later British and French troops landed in the Suez Canal Zone. The Security Council discussed the matter on 31 October, but no decision could be adopted, owing to the vetoes of France and the United Kingdom. Under the "Uniting for Peace" resolution, the matter was then referred to the General Assembly, which met in emergency special session from 1 to 10 November. The Assembly called for a ceasefire and the withdrawal of all foreign forces from occupied territories. It also established the first United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF) to secure and supervise the cessation of hostilities. Following the dispatch of the Emergency Force to the area, the French and British forces left the Suez Canal Zone by 22 December 1956. The withdrawal of the Israeli forces was completed by 8 March 1957.

The creation of UNEF, the first United Nations peacekeeping force, represented a significant innovation within the United Nations. It was not a peace-enforcement operation, as envisaged in Article 42 of the United Nations Charter, but a peacekeeping operation to be carried out with the consent and the cooperation of the parties to the conflict. It was armed, but the units were to use their weapons only in self-defence and even then with utmost restraint. Its main functions were to supervise the withdrawal of the three occupying forces and, after the withdrawal was completed, to act as a buffer between the Egyptian and Israeli forces and to provide impartial supervision of the ceasefire. In the event, UNEF, stationed entirely on Egyptian territory with the consent of the Government, patrolled the Egypt-Israel armistice demarcation line and the international frontier to the south of the Gaza Strip and brought relative quiet to a long-troubled area. The Canal, blocked as a result of the conflict, was cleared by the United Nations. UNEF I was withdrawn in May-June 1967 at the request of the Egyptian Government, which informed the Secretary-General that it would no longer consent to the stationing of the Force on Egyptian territory and in Gaza.

Accession No. 1997.18.1.  United Nations Emergency Force Medal, 1958. (UNEF)

‍
Accession No. 1997.26.1.  UN Medal, TBC.

‍
Accession No. 1997.25.1.  UN Medal, TBC.

‍
Accession No. 1997.23.1.  UN Medal, TBC.

‍
Accession No. 1997.22.1.  UN Medal, TBC.

‍
Accession No. 1997.21.1.  UN Medal, TBC.

‍
Accession No. 1997.20.1.  UN Medal, Cyprus.

‍
Accession No. 1997.19.1.  UN Medal, TBC.

(Wikipedia Photo)
Accession No. 1996.42.1.  

Canadian Efficiency Medal, Queen Elizabeth II, 1953.

The Efficiency Medal was instituted in 1930 for award to part-time warrant officers, non-commissioned officers and men after twelve years of efficient service on the active list of the Militia or the Territorial Army of the United Kingdom, or of the other Auxiliary Military Forces throughout the British Empire. At the same time a clasp was instituted for award to holders of the medal upon completion of further periods of six years of efficient service. It was replaced in Canada by the Canadian Forces Decoration in 1951.

(Wikipedia Photo)

Accession No. 1997.13.1.

Royal Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal, Queen Elizabeth II, 1952.

Issued to: 519148 F.sst M.E. Tillins RAF.

The Royal Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal is a medal awarded to regular members of the Royal Air Force in recognition of long service. It was instituted by King George V in 1919, the year following the establishment of the world's first independent air force. At first, the medal was awarded to Regular Force non-commissioned officers and airmen of the Royal Air Force. The award criteria were later relaxed to also allow the award of the medal to officers who had served a minimum period in the ranks before being commissioned. Since 2016, it is awarded to all regular members of the RAF, including officers who had never served in the ranks.

In the complex British honours system, there were distinct awards for officers and men for each service arm, Navy, Army and Air Force, and for each type of service, Regular Force or Reserve components. Regular Force officers were not eligible for any long service awards since, as they held a commission, they were expected to serve honourably and for a long period of time. Reserve Force officers were eligible for various long service decorations that granted them the use of post-nominal letters, while Reserve Force other ranks were eligible for various long service and good conduct medals, but without post-nominals.When it was instituted, the medal could be awarded to Regular Force Royal Air Force non-commissioned officers and airmen after eighteen years of unblemished service. The qualifying period was reduced to fifteen years with effect from 1 December 1977.

The medal was struck in silver and is a disk, 36 millimetres (1.42 inches) in diameter. The obverse of the medal shows the effigy of the reigning monarch, King George V, on the first version. Two versions of the medal each were produced during the reigns of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth II.The reverse of the medal remained unchanged through all versions of the obverse and bears the Royal Air Force eagle with outstretched wings, surmounted by the crown and with the inscription "FOR LONG SERVICE AND GOOD CONDUCT" around the circumference. The Clasp bears the image of an eagle with outstretched wings, surmounted by the crown. In undress uniform a silver rosette on the ribbon bar denotes the award of the clasp. The ribbon is 32 millimetres wide with a 3 millimetres wide white band, a 13 millimetres wide dark blue band, a 13 millimetres wide crimson band and a 3 millimetres wide white band.

The first Queen Elizabeth II version appeared after she succeeded to the throne on 6 February 1952. The medal shows a bareheaded effigy of the Queen, facing right and wearing a laurel crown, and is inscribed "ELIZABETH•II•DEI•GRATIA•REGINA•F:D:", reading around from a cross at the top. The effigy was designed by Mary Gillick and was also used on general-circulation coinage for the United Kingdom from 1953, as well as in cameo form on British commemorative postage stamps since 1966.A second Queen Elizabeth II version was introduced in 1980, with the Queen depicted wearing the Saint Edward crown, the traditional British coronation crown.The Queen Elizabeth II versions reverted to swiveling suspenders. While the double scroll claw supports of the earlier versions were retained, the suspender is affixed to the top of the medal rim without the hitherto used claw and pin attachment. However, some version one medals were issued with the same attachment as the King George VI version. Royal Canadian Air Force. The Royal Canadian Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal was instituted on 1 August 1944. Until 31 August 1957 it could be awarded for eighteen years service and good conduct to Permanent Force warrant officers, non-commissioned officers and airmen of the Royal Canadian Air Force who had enrolled prior to 1 September 1939, when the medal was superseded by the Canadian Forces Decoration.

The Royal Canadian Air Force order that announced the institution of the medal stated that it would have a bar inscribed "CANADA", similar to the Medal for Long Service and Good Conduct (Canada). However, since no such medal was ever struck, the Royal Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal was awarded to Canadians instead during the period concerned. Altogether 487 of these medals, most of them the King George VI versions, were awarded to Canadians between 1 August 1944 and 31 August 1957.
‍

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. Accession No. 1996.17.1.

Territorial Efficiency Medal Elizabeth II, type 1 version, 1953-1999.

Issued to T/22565759 Cpl. H.E. McGregor, Royal Army Service Corps (RASC).

The Territorial Efficiency Medal is silver and ovular in shape and the obverse of the medal shows the crowned effigy of Queen Elizabeth II. The reverse bears the inscription For Efficient Service. The suspension of the medal bears the legend Territorial. The ribbon is green with yellow edges. The qualifying criteria for this medal is 12 years reckonable and certified service in the Territorial Army and its overseas. All three King's versions and the second and third Queen Elizabeth II versions were awarded in Canada.

(Wikipedia Photo)
Accession No. 1996.9.1.  

British Army Long Service Medal, Queen Elizabeth II 1st type, 1952.

Issued to 1871553 Sgt F.N.. Gearing R.E.

The Medal for Long Service and Good Conduct (Military) is a medal awarded to regular members of the armed forces. It was instituted by King George V in 1930 and replaced the Army Long Service and Good Conduct Medal as well as the Permanent Forces of the Empire Beyond the Seas Medal. The medal was originally awarded to Regular Army warrant officers, non-commissioned officers and men of the UK Armed Forces. It also had a number of territorial versions for the Permanent Forces of the British Dominions. The eligibility criteria were relaxed in 1947 to also allow the award of the medal to officers who had served a minimum period in the ranks before being commissioned.

Since 2016, the eligibility was widened to include officers who had never served in the ranks, and so the medal can now be awarded to all regular members of the British Armed Forces who meet the required length of service. The first Queen Elizabeth II version appeared after she succeeded to the throne on 6 February 1952. The medal shows a crowned effigy of the Queen, facing right, and is inscribed "ELIZABETH II D: G: BR: OMN: REGINA F: D:", reading around from the top. The effigy was designed by sculptor Cecil Thomas OBE and was used on a number of medals.

The medal and the clasp could initially only be awarded to men, but on 9 February 1955 the criteria were amended by Queen Elizabeth II to also apply to women members of the Armed Forces of the United Kingdom and of the Permanent Forces of member countries of the Commonwealth.

(Wikipedia Photo)

The Queen Elizabeth II version of the Medal for Long Service and Good Conduct (Military) for Canada (not in the FRM), 1953.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1997.15.1.  ‍

Naval General Service Medal with Near East clasp, 1953.

Issued to: Pte 53877 S. T. Nixon M (E) RN. For operations during the Suez Crisis of 1956.

Naval General Service Medal for service in the Near East. For operations during the Suez Crisis of 1956. The Naval General Service Medal (1915 NGSM) was instituted in 1915 to recognise service by the Royal Navy and Royal Marines in minor campaigns that would not otherwise earn a specific campaign medal. The Army/Air Force equivalent was the General Service Medal (1918). Both these medals were replaced by the General Service Medal in 1962.The medal is silver and is 36 millimetres (1.4 in) in diameter. The obverse bears the image of one of three successive Sovereigns, King George V, King George VI and Queen Elizabeth II. The reverse, designed by Margaret Winser, shows a mounted figure of Britannia in a chariot pulled by two sea-horses, her left hand resting on a union shield.

The name and details of the recipient were impressed on the edge of the medal. The 32 millimetres (1.3 in) wide ribbon is crimson-coloured with three white stripes. From 1920 a bronze oak leaf emblem is worn on the ribbon of the medal to signify a mention in dispatches for a campaign for which the NGSM was awarded. The medal was awarded with one of five obverse designs.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1996.70.1.

The Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal, 1953‍

This is a commemorative medal instituted to celebrate the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II on 2 June 1953. This medal was awarded as a personal souvenir from the Queen to members of the Royal Family and selected officers of state, members of the Royal Household, government officials, mayors, public servants, local government officials, members of the navy, army, air force and police in Britain, her colonies and Dominions. It was also awarded to members of the Mount Everest expedition, two of whom reached the summit four days before the coronation.[2] It was struck at the Royal Mint and issued immediately after the coronation. A total of 129,051 medals were awarded, including 12,500 to Canadians.The Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal is a silver disk, 1.25 inches in diameter. The obverse features a crowned effigy of Queen Elizabeth II, facing right, in a high-collared ermine cloak and wearing the collar of the Garter and Badge of the Bath. There is no raised rim and no legend.  The reverse shows the Royal Cypher EIIR surmounted by a large crown. The legend around the edge reads "QUEEN ELIZABETH II CROWNED 2nd JUNE 1953". The medal was designed by Cecil Thomas. The dark red ribbon is 1.25 inches (32 mm) wide, with 5⁄64 inch (2 mm) wide white edges and two narrow dark blue stripes in the centre, each 5⁄64 inch (2 mm) wide and 1⁄16 inch (1.6 mm) apart. Ladies who were awarded the Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal can wear it on their left shoulder with the ribbon tied in the form of a bow.

.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1988.18.9a.

Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal, 1953, commemorative medal instituted to celebrate the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II on 2 June 1953.

The Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal is a commemorative medal instituted to celebrate the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II on 2 June 1953.This medal was awarded as a personal souvenir from the Queen to members of the Royal Family and selected officers of state, members of the Royal Household, government officials, mayors, public servants, local government officials, members of the navy, army, air force and police in Britain, her colonies and Dominions. It was also awarded to members of the Mount Everest expedition, two of whom reached the summit four days before the coronation.

The medal was struck at the Royal Mint and issued immediately after the coronation. A total of 129,051 medals were awarded, including 12,500 to Canadians.The Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal is a silver disk, 1.25 inches in diameter. The obverse features a crowned effigy of Queen Elizabeth II, facing right, in a high-collared ermine cloak and wearing the collar of the Garter and Badge of the Bath. There is no raised rim and no legend. The reverse shows the Royal Cypher EIIR surmounted by a large crown. The legend around the edge reads "QUEEN ELIZABETH II CROWNED 2nd JUNE 1953". The medal was designed by Cecil Thomas. The dark red ribbon is 1.25 inches (32 mm) wide, with 5⁄64 inch (2 mm) wide white edges and two narrow dark blue stripes in the centre, each 5⁄64 inch (2 mm) wide and 1⁄16 inch (1.6 mm) apart. Ladies who were awarded the Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal can wear it on their left shoulder with the ribbon tied in the form of a bow.

1988.18.9b. Service Medal of the Order of St. John. This service medal has been awarded in England from 1898 to present and in Canada since 1955.In Canada, the medal is awarded for 12 years of service to the St. John Ambulance organization. Also, service in both the St. John Ambulance Brigade and the St. John Ambulance Association qualify and the two service times may be combined but only one may be counted per year. In England, the qualifying time is now 12 years instead of 15.A circular, copper-nickel, rhodium-plated medal silver in colour. The medal is 1.5 inches in diameter. For mounting there is a single-toe claw with inward scrolls attaches to a straight bar. On the obverse there is a crowned, veiled effigy of Queen Victoria, facing right, is displayed on a circular field with a beaded edge. The legend: VICTORIA + 1 + G + BRITT + REG + F + D + IND + IMP appears between the beaded circle and the raised edge of the medal.

The reverse shows the Royal Arms within the Garter bearing the legend HONI · SOIT · QUI · MAL ·Y · PENSE. Above this is an Imperial Crown and below it the Prince of Wales' Feathers. On each side is the badge of the order, each bearing a shield, one on the left charged with the arms of the order and that on the right with the arms of the Prince of Wales. The whole device rests upon a sprig of St. John's Wort. This central motif is surrounded by a border bearing the words: · MAGNUS · PRIORATUS · HOSPITAL · SANCTI · JOHANNIS · JERUSALEM · IN · ANGLIA. The ribbon is 1.5 inches wide, and consists of five equal stripes: black, white, black, white and black. A single stitch of white appears at each edge. A miniature silver St. John Cross is worn in undress for each bar up to three. At four bars, one cross of rolled gold is worn. A bar is awarded for each additional five years of service. The bars are of the slip-on type, silver, laurelled with a St. John Cross in the centre. After three silver bars are awarded, a gilt bar is worn (32 years of service) and additional gilt bars are awarded for each five years. Once a gilt bar is awarded, only that gilt bars and subsequent gilt bars are worn. The medal is currently issued unnamed, but prior to 1970, the recipient's name was engraved on the rim. There have been 5,063 medals awarded to Canadians to 06 May 1993, but the number of bars awarded is unknown.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1997.3.1.

Naval Long Service and Good Conduct Medal, King George V.

Issued to: J 100979 H.J. Fall P.O. HMS Pembroke. The King's likeness is the same as that used on coins at the time.

This long service and good conduct medal was awarded for 15 years of service in the Royal Canadian Navy. Those eligible for this medal were Commissioned Petty Officers (CPO), Petty Officers, and non-commissioned members. The dates were 19 June 1935 to 01 September 1954 for those enrolled before 01 September 1939.A circular, silver medal, 1.42 inches in diameter. For mounting, there is a single-toe claw with double scroll claw supports on the rim attaches to a straight, non-swiveling suspender. On the obverse: King George V: An effigy in Admiral's uniform facing left, and the legend: GEORGIVS V BRITT : OMN : REX ET IMP :The coinage effigy, facing left, with legend: GEORGIVS . V . D . G . BRITT . OMN . ET . INDIAE . IMP :

The reverse features a starboard, broadside view of HMS Victory, a sailing ship of the line at anchor, surrounded by a rope tied in a reef knot below. The legend around the edge reads: FOR LONG SERVICE AND GOOD CONDUCT. The dark blue ribbon is 1.25 inches wide with white edge stripe. Awarded for 15 years of additional service. There were 302 medals to Canadians: King George V - 102, King George VI and Queen Elizabeth II – 200 (approximately. The medal is engraved around the edge with the recipient's rank, name, number and RCN.

‍

(Wikipedia Photo)

Accession No. 1997.6.1.

Naval Long Service and Good Conduct Medal, 1952, Queen Elizabeth II.

This long service medal was awarded to regular members of His Majesty's Naval Service. It was instituted by Queen Victoria to replace the Naval Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (1830), and could be awarded to other ranks and men serving in the Royal Navy and Royal Marines.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1987.3.29.

Miniature set of Service Medals: Member of the Royal Victorian Order (MVO), Canadian Volunteer Service Medal, War Medal 1939-1945, Canadian Centennial 1967, Queens Jubilee 1952-1977. The ribbons are the colours associated with each medal. The medals are silver and are held in a green leather box with gold trim on the lid.

Service medals of Miss Phyllis Mary Janet Barker. These miniatures are worn on an evening dress, military or civilian.

(Wikipedia Photo)‍

Member of the Royal Victorian Order (MVO).

Established by Queen Victoria in 1896, appointments and promotions in the Royal Victorian Order recognize extraordinary, important or personal services to the Sovereign, members of the Royal Family or the Sovereign’s representatives. This Order is within the personal gift of His Majesty The King and is administered by the Central Chancery of the Orders of Knighthood at St. James's Palace in London, England. In Canada, the three lower levels of the Order (Commander, Lieutenant, and Member) are part of the Canadian Honours System. The insignia of the Order consists of a Maltese cross of eight points which bears the Royal Cypher of Queen Victoria —VRI (Victoria Regina Imperatrix) in gold in its center, on a crimson enameled background, surrounded by a annulus enameled blue which bears the inscription " VICTORIA " in gold letters, the annulus being surmounted by the Imperial State Crown. Members receive a 44.5 mm badge with the arms of the cross enameled frosted silver. The ribbon of the Order is 32 mm wide, blue in colour edged by three equal stripes of red, white, and red (1 mm).There is no bar to the Royal Victorian Order, but one can be promoted within the Order. The insignia of Member of the Royal Victorian Order shall be worn following that of Member of the Order of Merit of the Police Forces in the sequence prescribed in the Canadian Orders, Decorations and Medals Directive, and in the following manner: worn on the left breast, suspended from the ribbon described above. Recipients are entitled to use the post-nominal letters “MVO”. Between 1 July 1972 and 8 September 2022, 63 Canadians have been appointed Members of the Royal Victorian Order. Between 1 July 1972 and 8 September 2022, 63 Canadians have been appointed Members of the Royal Victorian Order.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1987.3.30.1.

Bar with three medals: King George V and Queen Mary, Silver Jubilee Medal (6 May 1935), Coronation Medal King George VI and Queen Elizabeth (12 May 1937), Canada Confederation Medal, 1867-1967.

(Wikipedia Photo)

Accession No. 1987.3.26.

Queen Elizabeth II's Silver Jubilee Medal 1977.

The Queen Elizabeth II Silver Jubilee Medal is a commemorative medal created in 1977 to mark the 25th anniversary of Queen Elizabeth II's accession in 1952. The medal is physically identical in all realms where it was awarded, save for Canada, where it contained unique elements. As an internationally distributed award, the Queen Elizabeth II Silver Jubilee Medal holds a different place in each country's order of precedence for honours.

The Queen Elizabeth II Silver Jubilee Medal in the UK was designed by David Wynne.[5] It is in the form of a 32 millimetres (1.3 in) diameter silver disc with, on the obverse, the words ELIZABETH II DEI GRA. REGINA FID. DEF. (Latin abbreviation for "Elizabeth II, by the Grace of God, Queen, Defender of the Faith") surrounding an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II, symbolising her role as fount of honour. On the reverse is a crown atop a wreath that contains the words THE 25th YEAR OF THE REIGN OF QUEEN ELIZABETH II 6 February 1977 in six lines.

(Wikipedia Photo)

The Canadian version has a number of differences, with the medal slightly thicker and the crown on the Queen's effigy more upright. The reverse has a distinct design, and bears a stylised maple leaf with CANADA above and the Royal Cypher below, flanked with the dates 1952 and 1977.Both versions of the medal are worn on the left chest, suspended from a brooch bar on a 31.8 millimetres (1.25 in) wide white ribbon with cardinal red bands along the edges, each 1mm wide, and a 7mm wide garter blue stripe down the centre, bisected by another 1mm wide line of cardinal red; the colours carried on the tradition for jubilee medals.[2] Women may wear the medal near the left shoulder with the ribbon tied in a bow.

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Author Photos)

Accession No. 1987.3.27.

Royal Victorian Order, 1984.

Presented to Phyllis Mary Janet Barker when she was made a member of The Victorian Order by HM Queen Elizabeth II in September 1984.

Royal blue ribbon with red and white edging in a bow shaped. The Victoria (Order) Cross is attached with a silver ring. A royal crown over a circle with Royal Order of Victoria insignia. The medal is a silver Maltese cross with enamel. Maroon leather box with letters M.V. O. 5th Class on lid.

The Royal Victorian Order is a dynastic order of knighthood established in 1896 by Queen Victoria. It recognises distinguished personal service to the monarch, members of the monarch's family, or to any viceroy or senior representative of the monarch. The present monarch, King Charles III, is the sovereign of the order. The order's motto is Victoria. The order's official day is 20 June. Admission is at the sole discretion of the monarch.

Each of the order's five grades represent different levels of service, as does the medal, which has three levels of service. While all those honoured may use the prescribed styles of the order – the top two grades grant titles of knighthood, and all grades accord distinct post-nominal letters – the Royal Victorian Order's precedence amongst other honours differs from realm to realm and admission to some grades may be barred to citizens of those realms by government policy.

Canadian Forces' Decoration (CD)

(York Sunbury Historical Society, Fredericton Region Museum Collection, Bella Doherty Photos)

Accession No. 1996.55.1a.

Canadian Forces’ Decoration (CD), King George VI, unissued.

The Canadian Forces’ Decoration is awarded to officers and Non-Commissioned Members of the Canadian Forces who have completed twelve years of service. The decoration is awarded to all ranks, who have a good record of conduct. The decoration is awarded to the regular forces, reserve forces, officers of the Cadet Instructors Cadre (CIC), Canadian Rangers and holders of honorary appointments in the CF. Service in the regular and reserve or auxiliary forces of the British Commonwealth of Nations will be counted towards the medal if the final five years have been served with the Canadian Forces and no other long service, good conduct or efficiency medal has been awarded for the same service. The medal may be awarded to persons in possession of any long service, good conduct or efficiency decoration or medal clasps, provided that the individual has completed the full qualifying periods of service for each award and that no service qualifying towards one award is permitted to count towards any other. The service need not be continuous.

This award supersedes all other long service awards for members joining the Canadian Forces after 01 September 1939.It is a decagonal (ten-sided, representing the ten provinces) gold plated brass medal, 36mm across the flats, bearing: on the obverse, a youthful effigy of Her Majesty the Queen wearing a wreath of laurel leaves in her hair and facing right, circumscribed with the legend "ELIZABETH II DEI GRATIA REGINA - CANADA"; and on the reverse appears, from top to bottom a naval crown, three maple leaves and an eagle representing the Navy, Army and Air Force. The word "SERVICE" appears on a scroll at the bottom and two fleur-de-lis are depicted on each side of the crown. The suspension consists of a small bar between two scroll arms emerging from a natural maple leaf at the top of the medal. The ribbon is 38mm wide, red with three equally spaced thin white lines, red and white are the official colours of Canada as appointed by King George V in 1921.The clasp (bar) for the Decoration is 6 mm high, has the shield of the Canadian coat of arms in the center surmounted by the Crown, and is gold in colour. A clasp (bar) shall be awarded for every subsequent period of ten years of qualifying service. The clasp is worn centered on the ribbon, when more that one clasp has been awarded, they shall be equally spaced on the ribbon. A silver rosette is worn on the undress ribbon for each clasp awarded. Members may use the post-nominal letters "CD". The post-nominals are not affected by the award of clasps. Initiated on 15 December 1949, and first awarded on 01 September 1951, the medal replaced all other long service awards for those joining the Canadian Forces after 01 September 1939 and is still current.

The decoration was initially issued in the King George VI type until 1954 when the new Queen Elizabeth II type became available. The George VI version was made of .800 silver and gilded. It bore the King's effigy and title, the suspension was a straight suspension bar bearing the word "CANADA" and the King's Cypher was superimposed on the maple leaves on the reverse. The George VI type clasp bore the scroll type shield of the Arms of Canada surmounted by the Tudor Crown (often referred to as the King's Crown).The Decoration is engraved with the recipient's details (abbreviated substantive rank, initials and last name); the George VI version bore the naming on the reverse of the "CANADA" suspension bar, the current version is engraved on the rim of the medal itself. The original decoration was designed by Warrant Officer Bernard (Barney) James Reddie, while Bruce Beatty designed the changes to the decoration for the Queen Elizabeth II issue. Approximately 2,400 decorations and 3,000 clasps are awarded annually.

(Canadian Forces Photo)

The Canadian Forces' Decoration (CD).

The CD is awarded to officers and Non-Commissioned Members of the Canadian Forces (CF) who have completed twelve years of service. The decoration is awarded to all ranks who have a good record of conduct. The decoration is awarded to the regular forces, reserve forces, officers of the Cadet Instructors Cadre (CIC), Canadian Rangers, and holders of honorary appointments in the CF. Service in the regular and reserve or auxiliary forces of the British Commonwealth of Nations will be counted towards the medal if the final five years have been served with the Canadian Forces and no other long service, good conduct, or efficiency medal has been awarded for the same service. The medal may be awarded to persons in possession of any long service, good conduct, or efficiency decoration or medal clasps, provided that the individual has completed the full qualifying periods of service for each award and that no service qualifying towards one award is permitted to count towards any other. The service need not be continuous. This award supersedes all other long service awards for members joining the Canadian Forces after 01 September 1939.It is a decagonal (ten-sided, representing the ten provinces) gold plated brass medal, 36 mm across the flats, bearing: on the obverse, appear a contemporary effigy of the Sovereign of Canada, circumscribed with the inscription in capital letters of the Canadian Royal Title and the word "CANADA"; and on the reverse appears, from top to bottom a naval crown, three maple leaves and an eagle representing the Navy, Army, and Air Force. The word "SERVICE" appears on a scroll at the bottom and two fleur-de-lis are depicted on each side of the crown. The suspension consists of a small bar between two scroll arms emerging from a natural maple leaf at the top of the medal. The ribbon is 38 mm wide, red, with three equally spaced thin white lines. Red and white are the official colours of Canada as appointed by King George V in 1921.The clasp (bar) for the Decoration is 6 mm high, has the shield of the Canadian coat of arms in the center surmounted by the Crown, and is gold in colour. Bar(s)A clasp (bar) shall be awarded for every subsequent period of ten years of qualifying service.

‍

‍

‍